Why talk about mental states? The significance of children's conversations with friends, siblings, and mothers
Why talk about mental states? The significance of children's conversations with friends, siblings, and mothers
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01767.x
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发表时间：
1996-06-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Dunn, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, JR;DonelanMcCall, N;Dunn, J
对38名47个月大婴儿的自然语言数据进行了非结构化的分析，并比较了儿童朋友、儿童兄弟姐妹和儿童母亲对心理状态术语的使用特征。孩子们在与兄弟姐妹和朋友的谈话中提到精神状态的次数明显多于与母亲的谈话。双方频繁使用心理状态术语与孩子-朋友和孩子-兄弟姐妹的合作互动有关，并且发现了一些与语言流利程度，性别和母亲教育有关的联系，尽管这些在两对夫妇中有所不同。儿童在与兄弟姐妹和朋友交谈时使用的心理状态术语与他们在两项错误信念测试中的表现相关。研究结果强调了扩展调查儿童“心理理论”发展的社会影响的重要性。
Natural language data from 38 47-month-olds recorded at home in unstructured observations were analyzed and comparisons made of characteristics of mental state term use in child-friend, child-sibling, and child-mother dyads. Significantly more references to mental states were made by the children in conversations with siblings and friends than with mothers. Frequent us of mental state terms by both partners was related to cooperative interaction in both child-friend and child-sibling dyads and several associations were found with measures of language fluency, gender, and maternal education, although these varied across the 2 dyads. Children's use of mental state terms in conversations with siblings and friends was correlated with their performance on two false belief measures. Results highlight the importance of extending investigations into the social implications of the development of children's ''theories of mind.''