Tandem communication improves ant foraging success in a highly competitive tropical habitat
Tandem communication improves ant foraging success in a highly competitive tropical habitat
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串联通信提高了蚂蚁在竞争激烈的热带栖息地中觅食的成功率
DOI：
10.1007/s00040-021-00810-y
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Grüter C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Glaser SM;Feitosa RM;Koch A;Goß N;do Nascimento FS;Grüter C
热带蚂蚁经历了激烈的种内和种间食物资源竞争，这影响了它们的活动模式和觅食策略。尽管不同的蚂蚁物种可以通过空间和时间的生态位划分共存，但对食物的直接竞争是不可避免的。招募通信被认为是帮助殖民地垄断和成功地利用食物来源，但这很少在现场条件下进行测试。我们研究了招聘通信是否有助于殖民地的新热带antPachycondyla harpaxto在一个高度竞争的热带环境中更成功。此外，我们探讨了时间和空间生态位分化是否有助于焦点群体避免竞争。大量招募竞争对手往往成功地取代P。食物诱饵中的竖琴。然而，当觅食的P。Harpax能够招募巢友，它们保持接近食物诱饵的概率高出4倍。在我们的观察过程中，在几只蚂蚁到达食物来源后，殖民地不太可能被取代。竞争更加激烈的日落后，但日落后的活动不成比例的增加，使焦点殖民地利用食物来源更成功地日落后。我们的研究结果支持这一假设，即招聘通信有助于殖民地垄断食物来源，帮助他们建立一个临界质量的巢友在大资源。这表明，即使是一个小的殖民地规模和缓慢的招聘方法，如串联运行，受益于招聘通信在竞争环境中的物种。
Tropical ants experience intense intra- and interspecific competition for food sources, which influences their activity pattern and foraging strategies. Even though different ant species can coexist through spatial and temporal niche partitioning, direct competition for food cannot be avoided. Recruitment communication is assumed to help colonies to monopolize and exploit food sources successfully, but this has rarely been tested under field conditions. We studied if recruitment communication helps colonies of the Neotropical antPachycondyla harpaxto be more successful in a highly competitive tropical environment. Additionally, we explored if temporal and spatial niche differentiation helps focal colonies to avoid competition.Pachycondyla harpaxcompeted with dozens of ant species for food. Mass-recruiting competitors were often successful in displacingP. harpaxfrom food baits. However, when foragers ofP. harpaxwere able to recruit nestmates they had a 4-times higher probability to keep access to the food baits. Colonies were unlikely to be displaced during our observations after a few ants arrived at the food source. Competition was more intense after sunset, but a disproportionate increase in activity after sunset allowed focal colonies to exploit food sources more successfully after sunset. Our results support the hypothesis that recruitment communication helps colonies to monopolize food sources by helping them to establish a critical mass of nestmates at large resources. This indicates that even species with a small colony size and a slow recruitment method, such as tandem running, benefit from recruitment communication in a competitive environment.
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