Bifurcated symmetry breaking in scalar-tensor gravity
Bifurcated symmetry breaking in scalar-tensor gravity
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.105.083522
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
M. Yoshimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Yoshimura
我们提出的模型可以同时预测暗能量和冷暗物质的存在以及慢滚动膨胀。暗能量密度为$({\rm a \;few \;meV})^4$级，暗物质组成质量为$\approx 1\,$兆电子伏。这些数字是根据哈勃常数$H_0$和普朗克能量$1/\sqrt{16 \pi G_N}$的现值给出的：它们是$(H_0 M_{\rm P})^2$代表能量密度，$(H_0 M_{\rm P})^{1/2}$代表暗物质组成质量。其基本框架是一个与拉格朗日密度中的里奇标量曲率具有非平凡共形耦合的多标量张量引力。获得适当暗能量的关键是以一种新颖的方式将Nambu-Goldstone模式的空间均匀动力学贡献合并到自发破断的多标量场扇区中。提出的理论与广义相对论在小宇宙距离上的测试是一致的，但与广义相对论在宇宙尺度上的不同。暗物质是作为标量系统的空间非均匀成分产生的，其数量与暗能量大致相当。在一些模型中，电弱SU(2) $\times $ U(1)规范对称的自发破缺引发标量扇区对称破缺的宇宙学分岔，因此在电弱相变中分离同时发生。验证所提模型的最佳实验方法是寻找第五种力类型的标量交换相互作用，其力范围为$O(10^{-2})$ cm，其与物质的耦合基本上是引力强度。
We present models that simultaneously predict presence of dark energy and cold dark matter along with slow-roll inflation. The dark energy density is found to be of order $({\rm a \;few \;meV})^4$, and the mass of dark matter constituent is $\approx 1\,$ meV. These numbers are given in terms of the present value of Hubble constant $H_0$ and the Plank energy $1/\sqrt{16 \pi G_N}$: they are $(H_0 M_{\rm P})^2$ for the energy density and $(H_0 M_{\rm P})^{1/2}$ for the dark matter constituent mass. The basic framework is a multi-scalar tensor gravity with non-trivial conformal coupling to the Ricci scalar curvature in the lagrangian density. The key for a right amount of dark energy is to incorporate in a novel way the spatially homogeneous kinetic contribution of Nambu-Goldstone modes in a spontaneously broken multi-scalar field sector. Proposed theories are made consistent with general relativity tests at small cosmological distances, yet are different from general relativity at cosmological scales. Dark matter is generated as spatially inhomogeneous component of the scalar system, with roughly comparable amount to the dark energy. In some presented models a cosmological bifurcation of symmetry breaking of scalar sector is triggered by the spontaneous breaking of electroweak SU(2) $\times $ U(1) gauge symmetry, hence the separation occurring simultaneously at the electroweak phase transition. The best experimental method to test presented models is to search for the fifth-force type of scalar exchange interaction with a force range, $O(10^{-2})$ cm, whose coupling to matter is basically of gravitational strength.