Aspects of the Biology of Laminaria Hyperborea III. Survival and Growth of Gametophytes
Aspects of the Biology of Laminaria Hyperborea III. Survival and Growth of Gametophytes
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海带的生物学方面 III。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1964
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
J. M. Kain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laminaria Hyperborea;J. M. Kain
本文报道了海带（Laminaria hyperborea（古恩）.）Foslie带可能并不总是仅由缺乏足够的光来确定，即使存在合适的基底（Kain，1962）。此外，尽管生长条件随着深度的增加而恶化，但建立阶段似乎也很关键（Kain，1963年）。因此，似乎有必要准确地确定各个不同早期阶段的光需求，并将这些与自然栖息地中的光渗透联系起来。温度对这些阶段的影响也很有趣，与季节循环以及物种的地理分布有关。在这项研究中，使用了两种不同的技术：培养的配子体盖片，也研究了氧气浓度的变化，通过温克勒方法测量。海带目不同成员的配子体显示出相似的一般发育过程。来自海带植物可育叶的游动孢子失去其运动性，变圆，膨胀并产生一个在末端具有另一个球体的管，所有细胞内容物都通过该管（Killian，1911）。这个过程可以在黑暗中进行，但进一步的发展取决于光（Schreiber，1930）。该属配子体雌雄异株（Sauvageau，1918;威廉姆斯，1921），雌雄植株数量相等（Schreiber，1930）。雌配子体在进一步分裂之前可能会变得可育（Sauvageau，1918），产生一个卵，或者可能形成一个繁茂的丝状结构，在一段时间内产生许多卵原细胞（Ikari，1921; Myers，1925; Schreiber，1930）。
The lower limit of the Laminaria hyperborea (Gunn.) Foslie zone is probably not always determined only by lack of sufficient light, even when a suitable substratum is present (Kain, 1962). It also appears that the establishment stage is critical although growth conditions deteriorate with depth (Kain, 1963). It therefore seemed desirable to determine exactly what the light requirements of the various different early stages were, and relate these to what could be found out about the light penetration in the natural habitat. The effect of temperature on these stages is also of interest, in relation to the seasonal cycle as well as to the geographical distribution of the species. In this study two different techniques were used: culturing the gametophytes on cover-slips and also studying changes in oxygen concentration as measured by the Winkler method. The gametophytes of the different members of the Laminariales show a similar general course of development. A zoospore from a fertile frond of a Laminaria plant loses its motility, rounds off, swells and produces a tube with another sphere at the end into which all the cell contents pass (Killian, 1911). This process can be carried through in the dark but further development depends on light (Schreiber, 1930). In this genus the gametophytes are dioecious (Sauvageau, 1918; Williams, 1921) and equal numbers of male and female plants are produced (Schreiber, 1930). The female gametophyte may become fertile before dividing further (Sauvageau, 1918), resulting in a single egg, or may form a luxuriant filamentous structure which may produce many oogonia over a period of time (Ikari, 1921; Myers, 1925; Schreiber, 1930).