Understanding and Measuring Morphological Complexity
Understanding and Measuring Morphological Complexity
复制标题
理解和测量形态复杂性
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198723769.003.0006
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chumakina M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chumakina M
纳赫-达吉斯坦语阿奇语有一个小的标记范式来实现性别和数字。虽然这个范例很小，但事实证明它很复杂。我们在屈折目标的清单中看到了这种复杂性，因为几乎所有词性都可以标记性别和数字，但并非同一词性中的所有词素都有相同的行为。预测哪个会显示性别和数字并不简单。更困难的是指定性别和数字标记的位置：许多项目都有首字母标记，这些是在某些情况下发现的，前缀标记纯粹是出于音韵学的原因。也就是说，Archi展示了类型学上罕见的“轻浮”的固定现象。本文提出了影响性别数标记的存在、位置、形态和融合模式的因素；这些因素重叠的方式使得很难分离出单个因素的影响。我们的方法是给出默认值，以及对这些默认值的更具体的覆盖。具有讽刺意味的是，这种复杂性是在相对较小的性别和数字范式中发现的，因为Archi以其其他范式的绝对规模而闻名。
The Nakh-Daghestanian language Archi has a small paradigm of markers realizing gender and number. Though small, this paradigm proves complex. We see this complexity in the inventory of inflectional targets, since almost all parts of speech can mark gender and number but not all lexemes within the same part of speech behave alike. Predicting which will show gender and number is not straightforward. More difficult is specifying the position of the gender and number markers: many items have infixal marking, and these are found in some instances where prefixal marking would be felicitous on purely phonological grounds. That is, Archi exhibits the typologically rare phenomenon of ‘frivolous’ infixation. We propose a number of factors which bear on the presence and position of the gender-number markers, and also on their forms and syncretism pattern; these factors overlap in ways which make it hard to isolate the impact of individual factors. Our approach will be to give the defaults, and the more specific overrides to these defaults. It is ironic that this complexity is found in the relatively small gender and number paradigm, since Archi is famed rather for the sheer size of its other paradigms.