A transcriptomic atlas of Aedes aegypti reveals detailed functional organization of major body parts and gut regional specializations in sugar-fed and blood-fed adult females.
A transcriptomic atlas of Aedes aegypti reveals detailed functional organization of major body parts and gut regional specializations in sugar-fed and blood-fed adult females.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.76132
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发表时间：
2022-04-26
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Buchon, Nicolas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hixson, Bretta;Bing, Xiao-Li;Yang, Xiaowei;Bonfini, Alessandro;Nagy, Peter;Buchon, Nicolas
关键词：
蚊子传播许多病原体，但我们对其生理学的了解仍有很大差距。为了促进对蚊子生物学的探索，我们创建了埃及伊蚊-阿特拉斯（http://aegyptiatlas.buchonlab.com/），这是一个在线资源，托管伊蚊的RNAseq图谱。埃及伊蚊的身体部位（头、胸、腹、肠、马尔比氏小管、卵巢）、肠道区域（嗉囊、前室、前后中肠、后肠）以及血液消化的肠道时间过程。利用埃及伊蚊-阿特拉斯，我们提供了肠道功能区域化，血液喂养反应和免疫防御的见解。我们发现，前和后中肠具有消化特化保存在血液喂养状态。血液喂养启动顺序诱导和抑制/消耗多个队列的肽酶。在防御方面，免疫信号成分在卵巢中富集，而非识别或效应分子。抗菌肽的基础表达由holotricin和gambicin主导，它们分别在胴体和消化组织中以互斥的方式表达。在中肠，冈比星和其他效应器几乎只在前区表达，而后中肠则表现出免疫耐受的特征。最后，在一种跨物种比较中。我们观察到区域消化和免疫特化是保守的，这表明我们的数据集可能与多种蚊子种类广泛相关。我们证明，除了包含少数高度/差异表达基因的“物种特征”外，同源基因的表达是高度相关的。通过这项工作，我们展示了埃及伊蚊-阿特拉斯的潜力，以开启对蚊子生物学更全面的了解。
Mosquitoes transmit numerous pathogens, but large gaps remain in our understanding of their physiology. To facilitate explorations of mosquito biology, we have created Aegypti-Atlas (http://aegyptiatlas.buchonlab.com/), an online resource hosting RNAseq profiles of Ae. aegypti body parts (head, thorax, abdomen, gut, Malpighian tubules, ovaries), gut regions (crop, proventriculus, anterior and posterior midgut, hindgut), and a gut time course of blood meal digestion. Using Aegypti-Atlas, we provide insights into regionalization of gut function, blood feeding response, and immune defenses. We find that the anterior and posterior midgut possess digestive specializations which are preserved in the blood-fed state. Blood feeding initiates the sequential induction and repression/depletion of multiple cohorts of peptidases. With respect to defense, immune signaling components, but not recognition or effector molecules, show enrichment in ovaries. Basal expression of antimicrobial peptides is dominated by holotricin and gambicin, which are expressed in carcass and digestive tissues, respectively, in a mutually exclusive manner. In the midgut, gambicin and other effectors are almost exclusively expressed in the anterior regions, while the posterior midgut exhibits hallmarks of immune tolerance. Finally, in a cross-species comparison between Ae. aegypti and Anopheles gambiae midguts, we observe that regional digestive and immune specializations are conserved, indicating that our dataset may be broadly relevant to multiple mosquito species. We demonstrate that the expression of orthologous genes is highly correlated, with the exception of a ‘species signature’ comprising a few highly/disparately expressed genes. With this work, we show the potential of Aegypti-Atlas to unlock a more complete understanding of mosquito biology.