Goitrogenic Anions, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, and Thyroid Hormone in Infants
Goitrogenic Anions, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, and Thyroid Hormone in Infants
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.0901736
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Rogan, Walter J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cao, Yang;Blount, Benjamin C.;Rogan, Walter J.
背景：婴儿接触高氯酸盐、硫氰酸盐、硝酸盐的环境可能会干扰甲状腺功能。高氯酸盐背景暴露较高的美国女性的促甲状腺激素 (TSH) 较高，甲状腺素 (T-4) 较低。目前还没有对婴儿的甲状腺功能和这些甲状腺肿激素进行单独测量的研究。 目的：我们检查了婴儿尿液中高氯酸盐、硝酸盐、碘化物和硫氰酸盐与尿液 T-4 和 TSH 的关联，以及这种关联是否因性别或碘状态而异。 方法：我们使用来自雌激素活性和发育研究的数据和样本，该研究评估了足月婴儿出生后前 12 个月的激素水平。该研究纳入了 92 名出生至 1 岁之间的足月婴儿，观察次数多达四次。检测了 206 个尿液样本中的高氯酸盐、硫氰酸盐、硝酸盐和碘化物；在尿液和 50 个血液样本中测量 TSH 和 T-4。 结果：在单独的混合模型中，调整肌酐、年龄、性别和体重指数后，尿高氯酸盐、硝酸盐或硫氰酸盐较高的婴儿的尿 TSH 也较高。在所有三个模型中，硝酸盐和硫氰酸盐含量较高的儿童的 TSH 较高，但高氯酸盐含量较高仅与碘化物含量较低的儿童的 TSH 相关。出乎意料的是，接触这三种化学物质通常与较高的 T-4 相关。结论：低尿碘婴儿中，高氯酸盐接触与尿 TSH 增加之间的关系与之前的研究结果一致。较高的硫氰酸盐和硝酸盐暴露也与婴儿较高的 TSH 相关。
BACKGROUND: Environmental exposure of infants to perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, might interfere with thyroid function. U.S. women with higher background perchlorate exposure have higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and lower thyroxine (T-4). There are no studies with individual measures of thyroid function and these goitrogens available in infants.OBJECTIVE: We examined the association of urinary perchlorate, nitrate, iodide, and thiocyanate with urinary T-4 and TSH in infants and whether that association differed by sex or iodide status.METHODS: We used data and samples from the Study of Estrogen Activity and Development, which assessed hormone levels of full-term infants over the first 12 months of life. The study included 92 full-term infants between birth and 1 year of age seen up to four times. Perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide were measured in 206 urine samples; TSH and T-4 and were measured in urines and in 50 blood samples.RESULTS: In separate mixed models, adjusting for creatinine, age, sex, and body mass index, infants with higher urinary perchlorate, nitrate or thiocyanate had higher urinary TSH. With all three modeled, children with higher nitrate and thiocyanate had higher TSH, but higher perchlorate was associated with TSH only in children with low iodide. Unexpectedly, exposure to the three chemicals was generally associated with higher T-4.CONCLUSIONS: The association of perchlorate exposure with increased urinary TSH in infants with low urinary iodide is consistent with previous findings. Higher thiocyanate and nitrate exposure were also associated with higher TSH in infants.