Induced mutations in ASPARAGINE SYNTHETASE-A2 reduce free asparagine concentration in the wheat grain
Induced mutations in ASPARAGINE SYNTHETASE-A2 reduce free asparagine concentration in the wheat grain
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DOI：
10.1002/csc2.20760
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发表时间：
2022-06-16
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Pearce, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alarcon-Reverte, Rocio;Xie, Yucong;Pearce, Stephen
丙烯酰胺是一种神经毒素和可能的致癌物质，在烘焙和生产不同食品（包括面包产品）时作为加工污染物形成。氨基酸天冬酰胺是美拉德反应产生丙烯酰胺的限制性底物，因此发育中的小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）谷物中游离天冬酰胺浓度低的品种是减少饮食中丙烯酰胺暴露的一种有前途的方法。候选基因的方法被用来确定化学诱导的遗传变异天冬氨酸转氨酶2（ASN 2）基因表现出粮食特异性表达谱。在田间试验中，携带asn-a2无效等位基因的硬粒小麦和普通小麦品系与野生型姐妹品系相比，其籽粒中游离天冬酰胺浓度降低了9%至34%。这些植株在小穗数、籽粒大小和重量、发芽率和烘烤品质等性状上均无显著差异。这些非转基因变体可以在没有监管监督的情况下部署在优良小麦种质中，以降低丙烯酰胺形成潜力，而不会对质量或农艺性能产生负面影响。
Acrylamide is a neurotoxin and probable carcinogen formed as a processing contaminant during baking and production of different foodstuffs, including bread products. The amino acid asparagine is the limiting substrate in the Maillard reaction that produces acrylamide, so developing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with low free asparagine concentrations in the grain is a promising approach to reduce dietary acrylamide exposure. A candidate gene approach was used to identify chemically induced genetic variation in ASPARAGINE SYNTHETASE 2 (ASN2) genes that exhibit a grain-specific expression profile. In field trials, durum and common wheat lines carrying asn-a2 null alleles exhibited reductions in free asparagine concentration in their grains of between 9 and 34% compared with wildtype sister lines. These plants showed no significant differences in spikelet number, grain size and weight, germination or baking quality traits. These nontransgenic variants can be deployed without regulatory oversight in elite wheat germplasm to reduce acrylamide-forming potential with no negative effects on quality or agronomic performance.