X-ray Scatter Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Mouse Model Using Nanoparticle Contrast Agents.
X-ray Scatter Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Mouse Model Using Nanoparticle Contrast Agents.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep15673
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发表时间：
2015-10-29
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Rose-Petruck C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rand D;Derdak Z;Carlson R;Wands JR;Rose-Petruck C
肝细胞癌（HCC）是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，几乎是致命的。目前的检测方法包括超声检查和CT扫描或MRI成像；然而，这些技术在敏感性和特异性方面存在问题，并且早期肿瘤（< 1cm直径）的检测被证明是难以捉摸的。因此，迫切需要更好、更具体和更灵敏的检测方法。在这里，我们讨论一种新开发的x射线成像技术，称为空间频率外差成像（SFHI）在HCC早期检测中的应用。SFHI使用被物体散射的x射线形成图像，比传统的基于吸收的x射线照相更敏感。我们发现用金纳米颗粒造影剂在体内标记的组织可以用SFHI检测到。我们还证明，通过使用HCC特异性抗体，在小鼠模型中定向靶向和SFHI肝癌肿瘤是可能的。相对于目前可用的技术，SFHI的灵敏度提高，使得肿瘤的x射线成像直径只有几毫米，并且相对于基于吸收的x射线成像，大大减少了静脉注射所需的纳米颗粒造影剂的数量。
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and is almost uniformly fatal. Current methods of detection include ultrasound examination and imaging by CT scan or MRI; however, these techniques are problematic in terms of sensitivity and specificity, and the detection of early tumors (<1 cm diameter) has proven elusive. Better, more specific, and more sensitive detection methods are therefore urgently needed. Here we discuss the application of a newly developed x-ray imaging technique called Spatial Frequency Heterodyne Imaging (SFHI) for the early detection of HCC. SFHI uses x-rays scattered by an object to form an image and is more sensitive than conventional absorption-based x-radiography. We show that tissues labeled in vivo with gold nanoparticle contrast agents can be detected using SFHI. We also demonstrate that directed targeting and SFHI of HCC tumors in a mouse model is possible through the use of HCC-specific antibodies. The enhanced sensitivity of SFHI relative to currently available techniques enables the x-ray imaging of tumors that are just a few millimeters in diameter and substantially reduces the amount of nanoparticle contrast agent required for intravenous injection relative to absorption-based x-ray imaging.