Psychiatric nursing at the crossroads: quo vadis.
Psychiatric nursing at the crossroads: quo vadis.
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处于十字路口的精神科护理： quo vadis 。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-6163.1981.tb00122.x
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发表时间：
1981
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
C. Fagin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Fagin
美国医学对精神分析的热爱与我们对人类进步的信念所持的未来主义和乐观态度是完全一致的，精神科医生让自己和其他人相信，精神分析是可以改变世界的灵丹妙药。它可以改变儿童的养育方式，消除成人精神疾病。它可以治愈精神疾病，当这种情况发生时。它可以与政治家协商，帮助他们建立一个更美好的世界。它可以解决犯罪和少年犯罪问题，甚至可以治愈许多身体疾病。精神分析和社区精神健康革命都一度受到精神病学家的热烈欢迎，它们在医学领域的影响似乎具有极高的潜力。与其他精神卫生专业人员相比，精神科医生在很大程度上依赖于心理治疗关系，而很少依赖于与他们的医学培训相关的技能，因此很难界定他们的独特资格。到了60年代，药理学的发展和行政权力的变化使精神分析和社区精神卫生医学人员失去了很多光彩。（Shepherd，197 1：302-320）最近，美国医学毕业生选择精神科职业的比例下降，引起了人们的极大关注。精神科医生在社区精神卫生中的存在越来越少，领导职位明显空缺，这也引起了人们的极大关注。尽管医学文献中的一篇又一篇文章谴责精神科医生的供应越来越少，他们在医学领域的权力越来越小，应该指出的是，在这个卫生人力问题上，总统精神卫生委员会的报告与2004年的报告有很大的相似之处。1978年和1958年心理健康联合委员会的报告。（阿尔比，1979：783-786）
American medicine’s love affair with psychoanalysis was perfectly in keeping with what has been described as our futuristic and optimistic approach to the belief in the betterment of man. Psychiatrists had convinced themselves and others that the panacea that was psychoanalysis could change the world. It could change the way children were raised and eliminate adult mental illness. It could cure mental illness when that occurred. It could consult with politicians to help them build a better world. It could solve problems of crime and delinquency and, indeed, cure many physical illnesses. Both the psychoanalytic and community mental health revolutions were for a time warmly embraced by psychiatrists, and their influence in the medical field appeared to have extremely high potential. Relying heavily on the psychotherapeutic relationship and minimally on skills more associated with their medical training, psychiatrists had a hard time defining their unique qualifications in contrast to other mental health professionals. By the 60s, pharmacological developments and administrative power changes took much of the luster away from psychoanalytic and community mental health medical people.(Shepherd, 197 1: 302-320) There has been a great deal of recent attention to the decline in the percentage ofAmerican medical graduates choosing psychiatric careers. Much concern has also been expressed about the diminishing presence of psychiatrists in community mental health with notable absence in leadership positions.While article after article in the medical literature decries the diminishing supply of psychiatrists and their decreasing power in the medical field, it should be noted that there is great similarity on this health manpower issue between the report of the President’s Commission on Mental Health in 1978 and the report of the Joint Commission on Mental Health in 1958.(Albee, 1979: 783-786)