Characterization of leaf-level particulate matter for an industrial city using electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis.
Characterization of leaf-level particulate matter for an industrial city using electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.057
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Sgrigna;Chiara Baldacchini;R. Esposito;R. Calandrelli;A. Tiwary;C. Calfapietra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Sgrigna;Chiara Baldacchini;R. Esposito;R. Calandrelli;A. Tiwary;C. Calfapietra
本研究报告的应用程序的颗粒物（PM）沉积在树叶上的监测和表征协议，使用冬青栎作为案例研究物种。研究区域位于意大利中部的工业城市特尔尼，PM浓度很高。四棵树被选为代表不同的污染环境的基础上，他们接近钢铁厂和街道。洗过的叶子上的纤维素过滤器，其特征在于使用扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X-射线光谱，推断颗粒大小，化学成分和采样位置之间的关联。颗粒尺寸分布的建模显示了一个三模态指纹，三个模态集中在0.6（工厂相关），1.2（城市背景）和2.6 μm（交通相关）。化学检测确定了PM样品中丰富的23种元素。主成分分析认为，铁和铜作为源特定的PM标记，主要归因于工业和交通污染。这些结果的叶面积的基础上升级提供了一个有用的指标，利用树叶有害PM污染物的战略评估。
This study reports application of monitoring and characterization protocol for particulate matter (PM) deposited on tree leaves, usingQuercus ilexas a case study species. The study area is located in the industrial city of Terni in central Italy, with high PM concentrations. Four trees were selected as representative of distinct pollution environments based on their proximity to a steel factory and a street. Wash off from leaves onto cellulose filters were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inferring the associations between particle sizes, chemical composition, and sampling location. Modeling of particle size distributions showed a tri-modal fingerprint, with the three modes centered at 0.6 (factory related), 1.2 (urban background), and 2.6 μm (traffic related). Chemical detection identified 23 elements abundant in the PM samples. Principal component analysis recognized iron and copper as source-specific PM markers, attributed mainly to industrial and heavy traffic pollution respectively. Upscaling these results on leaf area basis provided a useful indicator for strategic evaluation of harmful PM pollutants using tree leaves.