Cochlear implant candidacy in the United States: Prevalence in children 12 months to 6 years of age
Cochlear implant candidacy in the United States: Prevalence in children 12 months to 6 years of age
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.03.005
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Jones, Julibeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bradham, Tamala;Jones, Julibeth
目的：儿童人工耳蜗术已被证明对儿童是有效的，对社会也是有成本效益的。健康人2010年的目标之一是增加聋人或严重听力障碍的人开始使用人工耳蜗系统的数量。NIDCDs 1999年的健康听力进展报告报告称，每1000名聋人或重听人中只有2人接受了人工耳蜗植入。这项研究有两个主要目标：(1)估计12个月至6岁的严重至重度双侧听力损失的儿童可从人工耳蜗术中受益的数量；(2)确定是否有可能接受这种医疗护理的儿童数量。方法：使用2000年美国人口普查数据，计算12个月至6岁儿童严重至重度双侧听力损失的数量。结果：在总人口略高于2.31亿人的基础上，15219名儿童出现了严重到严重的听力损失。考虑到一些排除因素，12,816名儿童将被视为人工耳蜗植入者。根据2000年植入的儿童数量，大约55%的候选人接受了人工耳蜗术。结论：尽管估计值没有反映目标年龄组中实际候选人的直接衡量标准，但在美国，可以从这项技术中受益的人群仍然明显得不到充分的服务。由于为这些儿童服务的合格人员持续短缺，报销比例不足，以及基于种族和社会经济地位的植入率差异，问题仍然是，我们能否真正满足这些儿童的需求？(C)2008爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
Objective: Pediatric cochlear implantation has been demonstrated to be effective for children as well as cost effective for society. One of Healthy People 2010 goals is to increase the number of people who are deaf or significantly hard of hearing to begin to use a cochlear implant system. NIDCDs Healthy Hearing Progress Reports from 1999 reported that only 2 out of every 1000 adults who are deaf or hard of hearing received a cochlear implant. There were two main objectives for this study: (1) to estimate the number of children between the ages of 12 months and 6 years of age with severe to profound bilateral hearing toss who could benefit from a cochlear implant and (2) to determine if the number of children projected to be candidates received this medical care.Methods: Using the 2000 US Census Data from children 12 months to 6 years, the number of children with severe to profound bilateral hearing loss was calculated. Children who would be considered "neurologically devastated" and the children with absent eighth nerves were excluded from the calculations.Results: Based on the total population of slightly over 231 million, 15,219 children presented with severe to profound hearing loss. Taking into account some exclusions, 12,816 children would be considered cochlear implant candidates. Based on the number of children who were implanted in 2000, approximately 55% of the projected number of candidates received a cochlear implant.Conclusion: Even though the estimates do not reflect a direct measure of actual candidates in the targeted age groups, the population who could benefit from this technology is still being significantly underserved in the United States. With a continued shortage of qualified personnel to serve these children, insufficient reimbursement rates, and disparities in implantation rates based on ethnicity and socioeconomic status, the question remains can we truly meet the needs of these children? (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.