Efficacy of garlic based treatments against monogenean parasites infecting the guppy (Poecilia reticulata (Peters))
Efficacy of garlic based treatments against monogenean parasites infecting the guppy (Poecilia reticulata (Peters))
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.02.002
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发表时间：
2014-06-16
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Zilberg, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fridman, S.;Sinai, T.;Zilberg, D.
商业养殖鱼类的单殖吸虫感染造成了重大的经济损失。大蒜（Allium sativum）是一种众所周知的香料，也具有抗微生物和抗寄生虫的特性。目前的工作旨在测试大蒜为基础的治疗方法对感染单殖吸虫的孔雀鱼（孔雀鱼）的疗效。将严重感染Turnbulli三代虫的孔雀鱼的尾鳍的剪下部分暴露于大蒜水提取物（7.5至30 mL L-1），并在解剖显微镜下目视观察。结果显示，接触大蒜导致寄生虫脱落和停止运动，表明死亡。大蒜浓度与寄生虫脱离和死亡时间呈正相关，最高浓度为30 mLL（-1）时，分别为4.1和8.6 min。用7.5和12.5mL L ~（-1）大蒜水提取物对感染G.特恩布尔。先前的急性毒性试验显示，孔雀鱼对大蒜提取物的最大耐受水平为12.5 mLL（-1），持续1小时。与对照组相比，用大蒜提取物（7.5和12.5 mLL（-1））浸泡受感染的鱼显著（p < 0.05）降低了感染率和感染强度。用添加干大蒜粉的饲料对感染G.用含10%和20%干蒜粉的饲料饲喂turnbulli和指环虫鱼14 d。与对照组相比，用大蒜补充的饮食喂养的组显示出显著降低（p < 0.05）的寄生虫的平均患病率和平均强度。大蒜的饮食应用似乎没有影响适口性。新鲜粉碎的大蒜以1 g L-1的水平加入，并作为无限期浴施用14天。与对照组相比，该处理显著降低（p < 0.05）寄生虫患病率和平均强度。组织学检查显示，与对照组相比，20%大蒜喂养组的肌营养不良症增加。这些研究结果表明，大蒜作为目前使用的化学治疗单殖吸虫感染的孔雀鱼的天然替代品的潜力。(C)© 2014 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Monogenean infections of commercially farmed fishes are responsible for significant economic losses. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a well-known spice which also possesses anti-microbial and anti-parasitical properties. The current work aimed to test the efficacy of garlic-based treatments against infection with monogenean sp. in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Clipped sections of tail fins of guppies heavily infected with Gyrodactylus turnbulli were exposed to aqueous garlic extract (7.5 to 30 mL L-1) and visually observed under a dissecting microscope. Results revealed that exposure to garlic caused detachment of parasite and cessation of movement indicating death. A positive correlation was seen between garlic concentration and time to detachment and death of parasites, which, at the highest concentration of 30 mLL(-1), occurred at 4.1 and 8.6 min, respectively. Bathing in aqueous garlic extract (7.5 and 12.5 mL L-1) was tested in guppies infected with G. turnbulli. Prior acute toxicity tests revealed the maximum tolerance levels of guppies to garlic extract to be 12.5 mLL(-1) for 1 h. Bathing of infected fish in garlic extract (7.5 and 12.5 mLL(-1)) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced infection prevalence and intensity as compared to the control. Oral treatments using dry garlic powder-supplemented diet were tested on guppies infected with G. turnbulli and Dactylogyrus sp. Fish were fed with food containing 10% and 20% dry garlic powder for 14 days. Groups fed with garlic supplemented diets showed significantly reduced (p < 0.05) mean prevalence and mean intensity of parasites as compared to the control. Dietary application of garlic did not appear to affect palatability. Fresh crushed garlic was added at a level of 1 g L-1 and applied as an indefinite bath for 14 days. This treatment was seen to significantly reduce (p < 0.05) parasite prevalence and mean intensity as compared to the control. Histopathology revealed elevated muscular dystrophy in the 20% garlic-fed group, as compared to control. These findings demonstrate the potential of garlic as a natural alternative to currently used chemical treatments for monogenean sp. infection in the guppy. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.