Antigenic variation as an exploitable weakness of babesial parasites
Antigenic variation as an exploitable weakness of babesial parasites
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.039
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发表时间：
2006-05-31
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Al-Khedery, Basima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allred, David R.;Al-Khedery, Basima
牛巴贝斯虫与其牛宿主以多种方式相互作用，导致一系列疾病和感染表型。寄主对寄生虫的反应引发或选择寄生虫部分的各种反应，而这些反应的全部范围尚不清楚。一种公认的现象，被认为通过逃避宿主适应性免疫反应来帮助寄生虫生存，是感染期间抗原变异群体的顺序扩张，这种现象被称为“抗原变异”。牛分枝杆菌的抗原变异，就像人类疟疾寄生虫恶性疟原虫一样，与第二种生存机制--细胞黏附--密切相关。在细胞黏附中，成熟的含有寄生虫的红细胞通过寄生虫衍生的配体与毛细血管和毛细血管后静脉内皮细胞结合。这些寄生虫对这两种功能的依赖，以及它们之间的联系，可能会为制定抗巴贝斯虫，甚至可能是抗疟疾的保护战略提供机会。牛分枝杆菌DNA代谢抑制剂的开发可以用来消除抗原变异的过程，而小分子模拟物可以提供对广泛变异的疫苗或防止变异抗原配体表面输出的手段。本文对牛巴贝斯虫病的抗原变异和细胞黏附方面进行了探讨，并讨论了在这些相互交织的过程中进行预防或治疗干预的机会。(C)2006爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Babesia bovis and its bovine host interact in many ways, resulting in a range of disease and infection phenotypes. Host responses to the parasite elicit or select for a variety of responses on the part of the parasite, the full range of which is not yet known. One well-established phenomenon, thought to aid parasite survival by evasion of host adaptive immune responses, is the sequential expansion of antigenically variant populations during an infection, a phenomenon referred to as "antigenic variation". Antigenic variation in B. bovis, like that in the human malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, is intimately linked to a second survival mechanism, cytoadhesion. In cytoadhesion, mature parasite-containing erythrocytes bind to the capillary and post-capillary venous endothelium through parasite-derived ligands. The reliance of these parasites on both functions, and on their linkage, may provide opportunities to develop anti-babesial and, perhaps, anti-malarial protection strategies. The development of inhibitors of DNA metabolism in B. bovis may be used to abrogate the process of antigenic variation, whereas small molecular mimics may provide the means to vaccinate against a wide range of variants or to prevent the surface export of variant antigen ligands. In this article, aspects of antigenic variation and cytoadhesion in bovine babesiosis are explored, with a discussion of opportunities for prophylactic or therapeutic intervention in these intertwined processes. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.