Geomorphic Classification of Coastal Land Loss between 1932 and 1990 in the Mississippi River Delta Plain, Southeastern Louisiana
Geomorphic Classification of Coastal Land Loss between 1932 and 1990 in the Mississippi River Delta Plain, Southeastern Louisiana
复制标题
路易斯安那州东南部密西西比河三角洲平原 1932 年至 1990 年间沿海土地流失的地貌分类
DOI：
10.3133/ofr00417
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Victoria Caridas Butterworth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Penland;L. Wayne;L. D. Britsch;S. Williams;A. Beall;Victoria Caridas Butterworth
路易斯安那州沿海湿地和屏障海岸线的戏剧性损失得到了政府机构、行业、大学和公众的充分认可。1932年至1990年间，由于一系列复杂的原因，密西西比河三角洲平原失去了超过68万英亩的土地。关于路易斯安那州沿海土地流失的原因，争议和争论仍在继续。人类对土地流失问题的贡献估计在10%到90%之间(Britsch和Kemp，1990；Penland等人，1990，Penland等人，1992；Turner，1997)。几个政府机构和行业被列为沿海土地流失的主要原因，包括美国陆军工程兵团(USACE)和石油和天然气行业。自然过程的作用和沿海土地流失问题的多重因果关系常常被忽视(Boesch等人，1994年)。为了加深我们对路易斯安那州沿海土地流失问题的了解和了解，天然气研究所(GRI)通过阿贡国家实验室(ANL)与美国地质调查局(USGS)合作，赞助了一个题为“路易斯安那州沿海土地流失的自然和人为原因”的研究项目。研究小组由来自GRI、ANL、路易斯安那州立大学(LSU)、新奥尔良大学(UNO)、USGS、USACE和路易斯安那大学海洋联盟(LUMCON)的科学家组成。本研究主要围绕三个方面展开研究工作：1)地质作用，2.)营养过程；3.)空间地理信息系统(GIS)分析。通过这些研究任务，本研究的目标是对路易斯安那州东南部密西西比河三角洲平原沿海土地流失的原因进行量化和排名。这项研究利用了美国地质调查局在框架地质和下沉过程中的持续研究，以及美国SACE在地理信息系统分析、框架地质和下沉过程中的研究(Dunbar等人，1990，Dunbar等人，1992，Britsch和Dunbar，1993；Williams等人，1993)。地质过程任务的重点是密西西比河三角洲平原的全新世演化，以努力确定过去18,000年来沿海土地流失的区域地质控制。营养过程任务对咸水入侵和土壤淹水在植物枯萎中的作用进行了实地调查。地理信息系统分析任务的重点是利用USACE沿海土地流失数据库量化沿海土地流失的地貌形式和过程。本文介绍了基于地理信息系统的沿海土地流失地貌分类结果。
The dramatic loss of Louisiana's coastal wetlands and barrier shorelines is well recognized by government agencies, industries, universities, and the public. Between 1932 and 1990, the deltaic plain of the Mississippi River lost over 680,000 acres of land due to a complex suite of causes. Controversy and debate continues as to the causes of coastal land loss in Louisiana. Estimates of the human contribution of man to the land loss problem ranges between 10 percent and 90 percent (Britsch and Kemp, 1990; Penland et al., 1990, Penland et al., 1992; Turner, 1997). Several government agencies and industries have been targeted as the primary agent of coastal land loss including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the oil and gas industry. The role of natural processes and the multiple causality of the coastal land loss problem often have been overlooked (Boesch et al., 1994). In an effort to further our understanding and knowledge of the coastal land loss problem in Louisiana, the Gas Research Institute (GRI) sponsored a research project through the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) entitled "Natural and Human Causes of Coastal Land Loss in Louisiana" in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The study team consisted of scientists from GRI, ANL, Louisiana State University (LSU), University of New Orleans (UNO), USGS, USACE, and the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON). This study focused on three major land loss research tasks: 1.) Geologic Processes, 2.) Vegetative processes, and 3.) Spatial Geographical Information System (GIS) Analysis. Through these research tasks, the objectives of this study are to quantify and rank the causes of coastal land loss within the Mississippi River delta plain in southeastern Louisiana. This study took advantage of continuing research by the USGS in framework geology and subsidence processes, and the USACE in GIS analysis, framework geology, and subsidence processes (Dunbar et al., 1990, Dunbar et al., 1992, Britsch and Dunbar, 1993; Williams et al., 1993). The geological processes task focused on the Holocene evolution of the Mississippi River delta plain in an effort to identify the regional geological controls on coastal land loss over the last 18,000 years. The vegetative processes task conducted field investigations into the role of salt-water intrusion and soil inundation in plant dieback. The GIS analysis task focused on quantifying the geomorphic forms and processes of coastal land loss using the USACE coastal land loss database. In this report, the results of the GIS geomorphic classification of coastal land loss are presented.