Intensity of affective experience is modulated by magnitude of intracranial electrical stimulation in human orbitofrontal, cingulate and insular cortices
Intensity of affective experience is modulated by magnitude of intracranial electrical stimulation in human orbitofrontal, cingulate and insular cortices
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DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsz015
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Parvizi, Josef
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yih, Jennifer;Beam, Danielle E.;Parvizi, Josef
颅内电刺激（iES）的主观和行为效应已经研究了几十年，但关于电流大小与诱发主观体验的类型、强度和效价之间的关系存在知识空白。我们报告了18例神经外科患者的罕见iES数据，这些患者在眶额皮质（OFC）、颞叶（INS）和扣带皮质前部（ACC）植入颅内电极。ACC刺激引起躯体和内脏感觉，而OFC刺激主要引起嗅觉和味觉反应，INS刺激引起涉及躯体和内脏感觉、嗅觉和味觉的混合效应。此外，我们发现了惊人的证据表明，颅内输送的电流大小与主观体验的感知强度和诱发的情绪状态呈正相关，在所有三个区域都观察到了这种关系。最后，我们观察到，大多数报告的经验是负价和不愉快的，特别是那些引起的ACC刺激。本研究提供了新的案例研究，从人类大脑证实，这些结构有助于因果关系的情感状态的创建，并证明了这些结构的电刺激的大小和感质引起的主观经验之间的直接关系。总结：这项研究提供了关于电荷大小对人类主观体验和情绪状态强度的影响的关键知识。我们阐明了皮质组织的电（物理）状态与人类（主观）体验的方式和强度之间的基本关系。随着越来越多地采用电刺激干预来治疗神经和精神疾病，这些发现突出了电刺激幅度对于引起人类主观体验的特定变化的重要性。
The subjective and behavioral effects of intracranial electrical stimulation (iES) have been studied for decades, but there is a knowledge gap regarding the relationship between the magnitude of electric current and the type, intensity and valence of evoked subjective experiences. We report on rare iES data from 18 neurosurgical patients with implanted intracranial electrodes in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the insula (INS) and the anterior portion of cingulate cortex (ACC). ACC stimulation elicited somatic and visceral sensations, whereas OFC stimulation predominantly elicited olfactory and gustatory responses, and INS stimulation elicited a mix of effects involving somatic and visceral sensations, olfaction and gustation. Further, we found striking evidence that the magnitude of electric current delivered intracranially correlated positively with the perceived intensity of subjective experience and the evoked emotional state, a relationship observed across all three regions. Finally, we observed that the majority of reported experiences were negatively valenced and unpleasant, especially those elicited by ACC stimulation. The present study provides novel case studies from the human brain confirming that these structures contribute causally to the creation of affective states and demonstrates a direct relationship between the magnitude of electrical stimulation of these structures and the qualia of elicited subjective experience. Summary: This study provides critical knowledge about the effect of electrical charge magnitude on the intensity of human subjective experiences and emotional states. We shed light on the fundamental relationship between the electrical (physical) state of cortical tissue and the modality and intensity of human (subjective) experience. As electroceutical interventions are increasingly employed to treat neurological and psychiatric disorders, these findings highlight the importance of electrical stimulation magnitude for eliciting specific changes in human subjective experience.