Individual-Based Modeling
Individual-Based Modeling
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基于个体的建模
DOI：
10.1007/0-387-21613-8_16
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Jianguo Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Dunning;D. Stewart;Jianguo Liu
目标大量种群的长期生存与多样化景观中合适栖息地的数量有关。相反，在受限制的景观中，小规模（例如，受威胁和濒危）种群的生存可能受到随机事件和这些景观中合适栖息地的空间安排的支配（Hanski 和 Gilpin，1991；Hanski，1998）。如果物种的适宜栖息地在自然界中是短暂的，那么种群的生存可能会更加脆弱。因此，在动态景观中，种群的持久性可能取决于当前和未来是否有足够的合适栖息地。当景观由不同适宜性的不断变化的栖息地斑块组成时，一个物种分散到新的合适栖息地的能力就变得很重要（Pulliam 等，1992）。这些类型的情况特别适合空间明确的、基于个体的人口模型（Dunning 等人，1995a）。在这些练习中，学生将1.观察管理异质动态景观中一小群“逃亡物种”所表现出的自然随机大小变化的挑战； 2. 了解管理者经常面临的限制和相互冲突的优先事项； 3. 开始理解设计空间显式或隐式模型时必须考虑的决策；
OBJECTIVESThe long-term survival of a large population is related to the amount of suitable habitat within a diverse landscape. In contrast, the survival of small (eg, threatened and endangered) populations in restricted landscapes can be dominated by stochastic events and the spatial arrangement of suitable habitat within those landscapes (Hanski and Gilpin, 1991; Hanski, 1998). Population survival can be even more tenuous if the species’ suitable habitat is transient in nature. Thus, in a dynamic landscape, population persistence may depend on both the current and future availability of sufficient suitable habitat. The ability of a species to disperse to new suitable habitat becomes important when the landscape consists of a constantly shifting mosaic of habitat patches of varying suitability (Pulliam et al., 1992). These types of situations are particularly suited to spatially explicit, individual-based population models (Dunning et al., 1995a). In these exercises the student will1. observe the challenges in managing the natural stochastic variation in size displayed by a small population of a “fugitive species” in a heterogeneous, dynamic landscape; 2. gain an appreciation of the constraints and conflicting priorities often placed on managers; 3. begin to understand the decisions that must be considered when designing a spatially explicit or inexplicit model;