Extreme summer heat and drought lead to early fruit abortion in European beech
Extreme summer heat and drought lead to early fruit abortion in European beech
复制标题
夏季极端炎热和干旱导致欧洲山毛榉早期果实败育
作者：
A. Nussbaumer;K. Meusburger;M. Schmitt;P. Waldner;R. Gehrig;Matthias Haeni;A. Rigling;I. Brunner;A. Thimonier
果实产量高的年份，被称为肥大年，是欧洲山毛榉通常的繁殖策略。恶劣的天气条件，如开花期间的霜冻，可能导致春季授粉失败。据推测，肥大是由开花控制的，并且在成功授粉后，将产生大量的果实和种子。然而，2018年欧洲夏季的极端炎热和干燥表明，尽管成功授粉，但山毛榉并没有发展或仅在少数森林中丰富。瑞士长期森林生态系统研究计划在过去15-19年中对欧洲山毛榉的三个森林站点进行了深入分析，首次揭示了极端夏季高温和干旱可以作为“环境否决权”，导致早期果实流产。在果实败育年份，夏季平均气温比长期平均值高1.5 °C，降水量比长期平均值低45%。极端的夏季高温和干旱，以及开花期间的霜冻，因此破坏了欧洲山毛榉两年一次的结实周期。
Years with high fruit production, known as mast years, are the usual reproduction strategy of European beech. Harsh weather conditions such as frost during flowering can lead to pollination failure in spring. It has been assumed that mast is controlled by flowering, and that after successful pollination, high amounts of fruits and seeds would be produced. However, the extremely hot and dry European summer of 2018 showed that despite successful pollination, beechnuts did not develop or were only abundant in a few forest stands. An in-depth analysis of three forest sites of European beech from the Swiss Long-Term Forest Ecosystem Research Programme over the last 15–19 years revealed for the first time that extreme summer heat and drought can act as an “environmental veto”, leading to early fruit abortion. Within the forest stands in years with fruit abortion, summer mean temperatures were 1.5 °C higher and precipitation sums were 45% lower than the long-term average. Extreme summer heat and drought, together with frost during flowering, are therefore disrupting events of the assumed biennial fruiting cycle in European beech.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Bogdziewicz, Michal;Ascoli, Davide;Tanentzap, Andrew
通讯作者：
Tanentzap, Andrew