Parthenotes as a source of embryonic stem cells
Parthenotes as a source of embryonic stem cells
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00485.x
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Gandolfi, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brevini, T. A. L.;Gandolfi, F.
尽管人类胚胎干细胞系具有潜在的治疗用途，但其衍生和研究引起了相当大的伦理、宗教、法律的和政治关注，因为它不可避免地导致可存活胚胎的破坏。为了弥合伦理问题与潜在的科学和医学利益之间的分歧，人们付出了相当大的努力来寻找多能细胞系的替代来源。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了使用人工孤雌生殖作为一种方式来创建实体，称为单性生殖，这可能是一个替代的多能细胞系的伦理来源。我们描述了单性生殖体和胚胎之间的生物学差异，以便为讨论它们是否可以作为干细胞来源提供理论基础。我们目前的数据来自动物模型的程度上孤雌生殖干细胞是类似的双亲细胞系，并讨论这些方面的背景下，他们的扩展到人类物种。最后，我们提出了最近在我们的实验室进行的实验，使我们能够通过人工激活人类卵母细胞产生人类孤雌生殖，并使用它们作为来源的孤雌生殖多能细胞系的衍生。
The derivation and study of human embryonic stem cell lines, despite their potential therapeutic usefulness, raise considerable ethical, religious, legal and political concerns because it inevitably leads to the destruction of viable embryos. In an attempt to bridge the division between ethical questions and potential scientific and medical benefits, considerable efforts have been devoted to the search for alternative sources of pluripotent cell lines. In this review we discuss the use of artificial parthenogenesis as a way to create entities, called parthenotes, that may represent an alternative ethical source for pluripotent cell lines. We describe the biological differences between parthenotes and embryos, in order to provide a rationale for the discussion on whether their use can be acceptable as a source of stem cells. We present data derived from animal models on the extent parthenogenetic stem cells are similar to biparental cell lines and discuss these aspects in the context of their extension to the human species. Finally, we present experiments recently carried out in our laboratory that allowed us to generate human parthenotes through artificial activation of human oocytes and to use them as a source for the derivation of parthenogenetic pluripotent cell lines.