Participatory adaptive management leads to environmental learning outcomes extending beyond the sphere of science
Participatory adaptive management leads to environmental learning outcomes extending beyond the sphere of science
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1602516
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Arlinghaus, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujitani, Marie;McFall, Andrew;Arlinghaus, Robert
解决受管理的社会生态系统中的不确定性需要在整个生态系统层面上进行适应性实验。然而，参与式适应性管理是否促进了科学领域以外的利益攸关方之间的生态理解尚不清楚。我们让德国钓鱼俱乐部的成员(研讨会中的181人，总共2483人)参与了一项大规模的鱼类资源主动适应性管理的生态实验，当进行不当时，这构成了一种有争议的生物多样性和生态系统功能管理实践。合作的生态实验跨越了几年，并在24个湖泊中操纵了两个物种的鱼类密度。同时，我们在实验中比较了参与性适应性管理治疗小组成员和只接受标准讲座的利益相关者和管理者的生态知识变化和亲环境行为的前因，相对于安慰剂对照组。采用受试者内部前测-后测对照设计，评估生态知识、环境信念、态度、规范和行为意图的变化。与接受标准讲座的参与者相比，适应性管理的参与者在8个月后保留了更多关于生态主题的知识，这两项都是相对于对照而言的。参与适应性管理也是改变与长袜有关的个人规范和信念的唯一治疗方法。关键的是，只有参与适应性管理的利益相关者降低了他们未来从事鱼类放养的行为意图。适应性管理对于稳健的生态知识是必不可少的，我们表明，让利益相关者参与适应性管理实验是提高生态素养和建设环境能力以走向可持续发展的有力工具。
Resolving uncertainties in managed social-ecological systems requires adaptive experimentation at whole-ecosystem levels. However, whether participatory adaptive management fosters ecological understanding among stakeholders beyond the sphere of science is unknown. We experimentally involved members of German angling clubs (n = 181 in workshops, n = 2483 in total) engaged in self-governance of freshwater fisheries resources in a large-scale ecological experiment of active adaptive management of fish stocking, which constitutes a controversial management practice for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning when conducted inappropriately. The collaborative ecological experiments spanned several years and manipulated fish densities in 24 lakes with two species. In parallel, we experimentally compared changes in ecological knowledge and antecedents of proenvironmental behavior in stakeholders and managers who were members of a participatory adaptive management treatment group, with those receiving only a standard lecture, relative to placebo controls. Using a within-subjects pretest-posttest control design, changes in ecological knowledge, environmental beliefs, attitudes, norms, and behavioral intentions were evaluated. Participants in adaptive management retained more knowledge of ecological topics after a period of 8 months compared to those receiving a standard lecture, both relative to controls. Involvement in adaptive management was also the only treatment that altered personal norms and beliefs related to stocking. Critically, only the stakeholders who participated in adaptive management reduced their behavioral intentions to engage in fish stocking in the future. Adaptive management is essential for robust ecological knowledge, and we show that involving stakeholders in adaptive management experiments is a powerful tool to enhance ecological literacy and build environmental capacity to move toward sustainability.