Native species dispersal reduces community invasibility by increasing species richness and biotic resistance
Native species dispersal reduces community invasibility by increasing species richness and biotic resistance
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本地物种的扩散通过增加物种丰富度和生物抗性来减少群落入侵
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.12733
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Sanders, ed., Nate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howeth, Jennifer G.;Sanders, ed., Nate
最近的研究表明，多样性入侵的关系可以依赖于空间尺度，但当地社区之间的本地物种传播在调解这些关系的贡献作用仍然没有得到解决。后居生态学强调了物种扩散率对当地多样性的影响，从而表明本地物种的扩散可能会影响当地生物对非本地物种入侵的抵抗力。然而，本地物种的扩散率对当地本地多样性和入侵性的影响可能取决于入侵者的任何种内差异，这可能会改变建立成功。在这里，我实验测试了本地扩散-多样性关系对本地群落入侵性的影响，由引入地理范围的核心，中间和外围区域的非本地物种代表。本地浮游生物群落通过低或中等的扩散率连接，以产生扩散率驱动的本地物种丰富度差异，然后由非本地动物园动物Daphnia lumholtzi入侵。入侵后，外来物种的建立成功率以及对本地群落结构和生态系统特性的影响被评估为扩散率和入侵者源区的函数，相对于没有本地物种的对照，本地物种丰富度在中等扩散率下比低扩散率下更大，并产生了扩散率依赖的多样性-入侵性关系，该关系对入侵者源区具有鲁棒性。与对照相比，在中度扩散下，非本地物种几乎没有建立成功，在低扩散下成功率降低。入侵种群增长率为负，只有在中等扩散率。物种扩散对原生群落和生态系统响应的影响大于入侵的影响和入侵者来源地的影响，表明在局部空间尺度上，物种扩散-多样性关系能够影响物种多样性-入侵性关系。这些扩散驱动的入侵反应不受与非本地物种的入侵历史相关的种内变异相关的任何生态差异的影响。这项研究强调，本地物种的迁移率可以改变当地的生物入侵的抵抗力。因此，本地物种的扩散率在很大程度上是一个未被充分认识的地方多样性维护机制，可以提供保险，防止生物入侵。
Recent studies indicate that diversity–invasibility relationships can depend on spatial scale, but the contributing role of native species dispersal among local communities in mediating these relationships remains unaddressed. Metacommunity ecology highlights the effects of species dispersal rates on local diversity, thereby suggesting that native species dispersal may influence local biotic resistance to invasion by non‐native species. However, the effects of native species dispersal rates on local native diversity and invasibility could depend on any intraspecific differences of the invader that may alter establishment success.Here, I experimentally tested for the influence of native dispersal–diversity relationships on the invasibility of native communities by a non‐native species represented by core, midrange and peripheral regions of the introduced geographic range.In mesocosms, native plankton communities were connected by low or moderate rates of dispersal to yield dispersal rate–driven differences in native species richness prior to invasion by a non‐native zooplankter,Daphnia lumholtzi. After invasion, establishment success and effects of the non‐native species on native community structure and ecosystem properties were evaluated as a function of dispersal rate and invader source region relative to a control without native species.Native species richness was greater at the moderate dispersal rate than the low dispersal rate and yielded a dispersal rate‐dependent diversity–invasibility relationship that was robust to invader source region. There was almost no establishment success of the non‐native species at moderate dispersal and reduced success at low dispersal relative to the control. Invader population growth rates were negative only at the moderate dispersal rate. Effects of species dispersal on native community and ecosystem response were more influential than effects of invasion and impacts associated with invader source region.The results demonstrate that dispersal–diversity relationships can influence diversity–invasibility relationships at the local spatial scale. These dispersal‐driven responses of invasion were unaffected by any ecological differences associated with invasion history‐related intraspecific variation of the non‐native species. This study emphasizes that dispersal rates of native species in metacommunities can differentially alter local biotic resistance to invasion. Thus, native species dispersal rates have largely been an underappreciated local diversity maintenance mechanism that can confer insurance against biological invasions.
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