Body mass index and the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia
Body mass index and the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia
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DOI：
10.1038/oby.2000.79
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Horan, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, CD;Higgins, M;Horan, M
目的：描述和评价体重指数（BMI）与血压、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、高血压和血脂异常之间的关系。研究方法和程序：一项美国成年人的全国性调查，包括身高、体重、血压和血脂的测量（国家健康和营养检查调查III 1988-1994）。粗年龄调整，年龄特异性的手段和比例，多变量比值比，量化高血压或血脂异常和BMI之间的关联，控制种族/民族，教育和吸烟习惯presented.Results：超过一半的成年人超重（BMI为25至29.9）或肥胖（BMI大于或等于30）。在60岁以下的人群中，高血压的患病率以及收缩压和舒张压的平均水平随着BMI的增加而增加。高血胆固醇的患病率和胆固醇的平均水平在BMI水平超过25时高于低于25，但并没有随着BMI超过25而增加。随着BMI水平的升高，低HDL-C发生率升高，HDL-C平均水平降低。在控制了年龄、种族或民族、教育和吸烟后，BMI与高血压和血脂异常的相关性具有统计学意义; 20至39岁的优势比最高，但大多数趋势在老年人中很明显。在BMI类别中，高血压更普遍，HDL-C水平更高的黑人比白色或墨西哥裔美国人的男性和女性。这与国家对预防和控制超重和肥胖的重视是一致的，表明血压和胆固醇的测量和控制对超重和肥胖人群尤为重要。
Objective: To describe and evaluate relationships between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and hyper tension and dyslipidemia.Research Methods and Procedures: A national survey of adults in the United States that included measurement of height, weight, blood pressure, and lipids (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III 1988-1994). Crude age-adjusted, age-specific means and proportions, and multivariate odds ratios that quantify the association between hypertension or dyslipidemia and BMI, controlling for race/ethnicity, education, and smoking habits are presented.Results: More than one-half of the adult population is overweight (BMI of 25 to 29.9) or obese (BMI of greater than or equal to 30). The prevalence of high blood pressure and mean levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased as BMI increased at ages younger than 60 years. The prevalence of high blood cholesterol and mean levels of cholesterol were higher at BMI levels over 25 rather than below 25 but did not increase consistently with increasing BMI above 25. Rates of low HDL-C increased and mean levels of HDL-C decreased as levels of BMI increased. The associations of BMI with high blood pressure and abnormal lipids were statistically significant after controlling for age, race or ethnicity, education, and smoking; odds ratios were highest at ages 20 to 39 but most trends were apparent at older ages. Within BMI categories, hypertension was more prevalent and HDL-C levels were higher in black than white or Mexican American men and women.Discussion: These data quantify the strong associations of BMI with hypertension and abnormal lipids. They are consistent with the national emphasis on prevention and control of overweight and obesity and indicate that blood pressure and cholesterol measurement and control are especially important for overweight and obese people.