Field evaluation of a new third generation push-pull technology for control of striga weed, stemborers, and fall armyworm in western Kenya
Field evaluation of a new third generation push-pull technology for control of striga weed, stemborers, and fall armyworm in western Kenya
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DOI：
10.1017/s0014479721000260
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发表时间：
2022-02-08
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Khan, Zeyaur R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheruiyot, Duncan;Chidawanyika, Frank;Khan, Zeyaur R.
撒哈拉以南非洲的谷类作物生产受到寄生性独脚金杂草、蛀茎虫和入侵性秋粘虫的威胁，加上日益炎热和干燥的条件。气候智能型推拉技术（PPT）可显著降低这些生物挑战的影响。为了进一步提高该系统对气候变化的适应能力，确定了更适应和合适的伴生植物，并将其整合到新版本的PPT中，称为“第三代PPT”。我们的研究评估了这个新版本的田间表现和农民的意见，与早期版本相比，气候智能PPT，农民自己的做法，种植玉米控制茎螟，一汽，和striga杂草。试验在肯尼亚西部的五个地点进行，2019年进行了两个种植季节，采用一个农场一个重复的完全随机设计。我们评估了三种种植制度对独脚金、蛀茎虫和FAW的侵染以及产量表现。我们还通过半结构化问卷调查，通过个别访谈管理的托管农民的意见。与遵循农民自己的实践的地块相比，两个PPT地块记录了显著（P < 0.05）较低的糙伏毛计数、FAW和蛀茎虫危害，以及较高的谷物产量。两个PPT图之间没有统计学显著差异，除了第三代PPT记录的蛀干害虫损害高于气候智能型PPT。然而，农民更喜欢第三代PPT，因为它的伴侣植物所具有的重要性状是气候智能型PPT中的同行所缺乏的。品种Xaraes被评为“非常好”的抗叶螨，生物量产量和耐旱性，而Desmodium incanum被评为“非常好”的种子生产和耐旱性。第三代PPT是基于对炎热和干燥条件更有适应力的伴生作物，随着气候变化，炎热和干燥条件迅速增加。因此，该版本提供了一个更好的选择，以升级技术，满足农民的不同需求，特别是在干旱和半干旱条件下。
Production of cereal crops in sub-Saharan Africa is threatened by parasitic striga weeds and attack by stemborers and the invasive fall armyworm (FAW), compounded by increasing hot and dry conditions. A climate-smart push-pull technology (PPT) significantly reduces effects of these biotic challenges. To improve further resilience of the system to climate change, more adapted and suitable companion plants were identified and integrated in a new version of PPT, termed 'third generation PPT'. Our study evaluates field performance and farmer opinions of this new version in comparison with the earlier version, climate-smart PPT, and farmers' own practices of growing maize in controlling stemborers, FAW, and striga weeds. Trials were conducted across five locations in western Kenya for two cropping seasons in the year 2019 following a one-farm one-replicate completely randomized design. We assessed infestation on striga, stemborers, and FAW, and yield performance of the three cropping systems. We also sought the opinions of the hosting farmers through semi-structured questionnaires that were administered through individual interviews. Both PPT plots recorded significantly (P < 0.05) lower striga count, FAW, and stemborer damage, and higher grain yield than in plots that followed farmers' own practices. There was no statistically significant difference between the two PPT plots except for stemborer damage for which the third generation PPT recorded higher damage than the climate-smart PPT. However, farmers preferred the third generation PPT for important traits possessed by its companion plants which their counterparts in climate-smart PPT are deficient. The cultivar Xaraes was rated as 'very good' for resistance to spider mites, biomass yield, and drought tolerance while Desmodium incanum was rated 'very good' for seed production and drought tolerance. The third generation PPT is based on companion crops that are more resilient to hot and dry conditions which are increasing rapidly in prevalence with climate change. This version therefore presents a better option to upscale the technology and meet different needs of farmers especially in arid and semi-arid conditions.