The Ebola Crisis in Sierra Leone: Mediating Containment and Engagement in Humanitarian Emergencies
The Ebola Crisis in Sierra Leone: Mediating Containment and Engagement in Humanitarian Emergencies
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/dech.12538
复制
发表时间：
2019-08-06
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Enria, Luisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Enria, Luisa
本文探讨了2014-16年埃博拉疫情作为一场危机的框架、其原因、性质和后果如何在塞拉利昂受影响的社区内引发了两种似乎相互矛盾的干预：一方面是军事化的紧急状态，另一方面是促进地方参与和自主权的努力。明确梳理出这两种应对模式的基本逻辑，我们能够辨别出遏制和接触方法之间的趋同，这两种方法是当代人道主义的核心。这篇文章通过不同的了解和应对埃博拉危机的方式进行谈判，展示了它们是如何相互构成的，而不是对立或矛盾的。由此产生的分裂做法，将“埃博拉英雄”和“危险机构”并列在一起，重新排列了个人为了管理不确定性而不得不导航的景观。将这些逻辑追溯到干预的“主体”，这篇文章讲述了一位传统治疗师在努力从疫情及其应对中生存下来的“认知导航”的故事。在塞拉利昂事件中突出这些动态及其后果，促使人们更广泛地反思人道主义集会越来越依赖遏制和接触、安全和复原力的共同构成，以管理处于危险中的人口。
This article explores how framings of the 2014-16 outbreak of Ebola as a crisis, its causes, nature and consequences gave rise to two seemingly contradictory types of interventions within affected communities in Sierra Leone: a militarized state of emergency on the one hand, and efforts to foster local engagement and ownership on the other. Teasing out explicitly the underlying logic of these two modes of response, we are able to discern the convergence between containment and engagement approaches that are at the heart of contemporary humanitarianism. Rather than being opposed or contradictory, the article shows how they were mutually constitutive, through negotiations between different ways of knowing and responding to the Ebola crisis. The resulting divisive practices, juxtaposing 'Ebola heroes' and 'dangerous bodies', re-ordered the landscapes that individuals had to navigate in order to manage uncertainty. Tracing these logics through to the 'subjects' of intervention, the article tells the story of one traditional healer's 'epistemic navigations' in his efforts to survive both the epidemic and its response. Bringing these dynamics and their consequences to the fore in the Sierra Leonean case invites broader reflections on a humanitarian assemblage increasingly reliant on the mutual constitution of containment and engagement, security and resilience, in its approach to managing 'at risk' populations.