Gradience in linguistic data
Gradience in linguistic data
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lingua.2004.07.002
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Keller, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sorace, A;Keller, F
本文对语法程度的理论和实验结果进行了调查，特别关注句法的梯度。我们首先讨论梯度数据的理论相关性，并认为这些数据应该通过实验得出才能可靠。然后，我们回顾了一组关于梯度的实验结果，得出这样的假设：语言约束有两种类型：硬约束，其违反会引发强烈的不可接受性；软约束，只会导致轻微的不可接受性。有实验证据表明，两种类型的约束都受到约束排名的影响，并显示出累积效应和联合效应。然而，软约束和硬约束在语境效应、跨语言变异和发展选择性方面有所不同。这组属性构成了评估现有语法梯度模型提案的基础，特别关注扩展最优理论的模型。 (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
This paper provides a survey of the theoretical and experimental findings on degrees of grammaticality, with a special focus on gradience in syntax. We first discuss the theoretical relevance of gradient data, and argue that such data should be elicited experimentally in order to be reliable. We then review a set of experimental findings on gradience, which lead to the hypothesis that linguistic constraints come in two types: hard constraints whose violations trigger strong unacceptability, and soft constraints that lead to only mild unacceptability. There is experimental evidence that both types of constraints are subject to constraint ranking and show cumulativity and ganging up effects. However, soft and hard constraints differ with respect to context effects, crosslinguistic variation, and developmental optionality. This set of properties forms the basis for an evaluation of existing proposals for models of gradience in grammar, with a particular focus on models that extend Optimality Theory. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.