Within-group variation in the willingness to risk exposure to a predator: the influence of species and size.
Within-group variation in the willingness to risk exposure to a predator: the influence of species and size.
复制标题
群体内愿意冒险暴露于捕食者的差异：物种和体型的影响。
DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0706.2000.890215.x
复制
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
R. Cartar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Abrahams;R. Cartar
在捕食者附近觅食的成本和收益在物种内部和物种之间应该有所不同，这取决于个体对捕食者的脆弱性。在本文中，我们调查的意愿，以获得食物的风险暴露于捕食者内的鱼类群体表示。我们提供了6个单独标记的小溪刺鱼（Culea inconstans）和黑头呆鱼（Pimephales promelas）的机会，以安全地喂养，或在一个单一的捕食者（walleye，Stizostedion vitreum）的存在。棘鱼和黑头呆鱼通常在同一时间出现在同一地点，但棘鱼也有盔甲和刺，可以抵御一些捕食者。尽管这种形态上的变化，个人的行为模式是一致的物种之间。在捕食者附近取食时，个体大小与取食比例呈正相关。在离捕食者最远的那一边没有亲戚。这些数据表明，鱼类可能会冒着暴露于捕食者的风险，利用与大小有关的脆弱性差异，以获得获得食物的竞争优势。
The costs and benefits associated with feeding in the vicinity of a predator should vary within and among species, depending on an individual's vulnerability to a predator. In this paper, we investigate how willingness to risk exposure to a predator in order to gain access to food is expressed within groups of fish. We provided groups of six individually marked brook sticklebacks (Culea inconstans) and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) with the opportunity to feed in safety, or in the presence of a single predator (walleye, Stizostedion vitreum). Sticklebacks and fathead minnows are commonly found in the same locations at the same time, but sticklebacks also possess armour and spines that provide defence against some predators. Despite this morphological variation, patterns of individual behaviour were consistent between species. While feeding close to the predator, there was a positive relation between the size of the individual and the proportion of food consumed. No relation existed on the side farthest from the predator. These data suggest that fish may risk exposure to predators to exploit size-related differences in vulnerability to gain a competitive advantage for access to food.