A cross-species neural integration of gravity for motor optimization.

A cross-species neural integration of gravity for motor optimization.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abf7800
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发表时间:
2021-04
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Papaxanthis C
Papaxanthis C
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gaveau J;Grospretre S;Berret B;Angelaki DE;Papaxanthis C

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肌肉模式揭示了人类和猴子如何通过利用重力效应来节省肌肉的努力。最近的运动学结果,结合模型模拟,提供了支持的假设,即人类大脑形状的运动模式,使用重力效应,以尽量减少肌肉的努力。由于许多不同的肌肉激活模式可以产生相同的轨迹,在这里,我们专门研究重力相关的运动特性,通过分析肌肉激活模式在单自由度手臂运动在各个方向。使用一个众所周知的分解方法的紧张性和阶段性肌电图活动,我们表明,阶段性肌电图(EMG)目前系统的负相。这种消极性揭示了最佳运动计划的神经特征,其中运动系统收获重力的机械效应,以加速向下和减速向上的运动,从而节省肌肉的努力。我们比较了在人类和猴子身上的实验结果,概括了跨物种的努力优化策略。
Muscle patterns reveal how humans and monkeys save muscle effort by taking advantage of gravity effects. Recent kinematic results, combined with model simulations, have provided support for the hypothesis that the human brain shapes motor patterns that use gravity effects to minimize muscle effort. Because many different muscular activation patterns can give rise to the same trajectory, here, we specifically investigate gravity-related movement properties by analyzing muscular activation patterns during single-degree-of-freedom arm movements in various directions. Using a well-known decomposition method of tonic and phasic electromyographic activities, we demonstrate that phasic electromyograms (EMGs) present systematic negative phases. This negativity reveals the optimal motor plan’s neural signature, where the motor system harvests the mechanical effects of gravity to accelerate downward and decelerate upward movements, thereby saving muscle effort. We compare experimental findings in humans to monkeys, generalizing the Effort-optimization strategy across species.
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