The effects of nicotine dose expectancy and motivationally relevant distracters on vigilance.
The effects of nicotine dose expectancy and motivationally relevant distracters on vigilance.
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尼古丁预期剂量和动机相关的干扰物对警惕性的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/a0035122
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cinciripini,PaulM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robinson,JasonD;Engelmann,JefferyM;Cui,Yong;Versace,Francesco;Waters,AndrewJ;Gilbert,DavidG;Gritz,EllenR;Cinciripini,PaulM
药物使用的迫切性（即药物可得性）已被发现与药物渴望的强度有关，但其对药物线索的注意偏差的影响尚不清楚。本研究调查了尼古丁可获得性对成年吸烟者在警觉性任务中对吸烟、情感和中性线索的注意偏倚的影响。在4个实验阶段的每一个阶段开始时，51名被剥夺尼古丁的吸烟者（n= 51）被告知，在完成有中枢情绪干扰（RVIP-CED）的快速视觉信息处理任务后，他们将抽一支含尼古丁（Told-NIC）或不含尼古丁（Told-DENIC）的香烟。RVIP-CED以快速的速度呈现数字，参与者被指示每连续三次按下偶数或奇数的按钮。一些数字的前面是吸烟、愉快、不愉快或中性的分心幻灯片。在告知- nic条件下，参与者产生的反应时间（RT）延迟明显长于告知- denic条件下。RT灵敏度（d '）是一种区分真阳性和假阳性能力的指标，在Told-NIC条件下，对香烟干扰物后的目标的敏感度明显低于Told-DENIC条件。这些结果表明，与期待抽去尼古丁的香烟相比，期待马上抽一支尼古丁的吸烟者更容易分心，尤其是对与吸烟有关的刺激。（PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2020 APA，版权所有）
The imminence of drug use (ie, drug availability) has been found to be related to intensity of drug craving, but its effects on attentional bias to drug cues are unclear. This study investigated the effects of nicotine availability on attentional bias to smoking, affective, and neutral cues in a sample of adult smokers during a vigilance task. At the beginning of each of 4 laboratory sessions, overnight nicotine-deprived smokers (n= 51) were instructed that they would smoke a cigarette containing either nicotine (Told-NIC) or no nicotine (Told-DENIC) after completing the rapid visual information processing task with central emotional distracters (RVIP-CED). The RVIP-CED presented digits at a rapid pace, with participants instructed to respond with button presses to every third consecutive even or odd digit. Some digits were preceded by smoking, pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral distracter slides. During Told-NIC conditions, participants produced significantly longer reaction time (RT) latency than during Told-DENIC conditions. RT sensitivity (d′), a measure of the ability to discriminate true positives from false positives, was significantly lower during the Told-NIC than during the Told-DENIC conditions to targets following cigarette distracters. These results suggest that nicotine-deprived smokers expecting to imminently smoke a cigarette experience greater distraction, particularly to smoking-related stimuli, than when expecting to smoke a denicotinized cigarette.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)