HIV infection and risk behaviour of primary fentanyl and amphetamine injectors in Tallinn, Estonia: implications for intervention.
HIV infection and risk behaviour of primary fentanyl and amphetamine injectors in Tallinn, Estonia: implications for intervention.
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爱沙尼亚塔林的艾滋病毒感染和主要芬太尼和安非他明注射者的危险行为：对干预的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.02.007
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Uusküla,Anneli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Talu,Ave;Rajaleid,Kristiina;Abel-Ollo,Katri;Rüütel,Kristi;Rahu,Mati;Rhodes,Tim;Platt,Lucy;Bobrova,Natalia;Uusküla,Anneli
在爱沙尼亚的塔林，随着海洛因短缺，芬太尼和3-甲基芬太尼，被称为“中国白色”和“白色波斯”，已经成为最广泛使用的药物，沿着安非他明，在注射毒品使用者（IDUs）中。350名目前的注射吸毒者被招募使用的受访者驱动的抽样进行访谈管理的非关联横断面调查和艾滋病毒检测。根据过去28天内使用的主要药物的自我报告，将IDUs分为几组。77%（256/331）的参与者报告芬太尼和23%（75/331）的安非他明是他们的主要注射药物。在安非他明和芬太尼注射者中，艾滋病毒感染率分别为27%（95%置信区间[CI]：18.45-35.51）和62%（95% CI：56.97-67.03）。调整后，芬太尼注射者HIV阳性的几率是调整后的三倍（调整后的比值比[AOR]=2.89; 95% CI：1.55-5.39）。他们也有更高的几率在街上用以前使用过的针头/注射器注射（AOR=2.39; 95% CI：1.14-5.04），并与已知感染艾滋病毒的人共用针头/注射器（AOR=3.00，95% CI：1.33-6.79）。芬太尼注射器也有较高的几率为终身过量（AOR=3.02，95%CI：1.65-5.54）。CONCLUSIONThe注射芬太尼与来自注射实践和情境风险因素的注射风险行为升高相关，迫切需要有针对性的干预措施。
BACKGROUNDFollowing a heroin shortage, fentanyl and 3-methylfentanyl, known as “China White” and “White Persian”, have become the most widely used drugs, along with amphetamine, among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Tallinn, Estonia.METHODSIn order to assess the relationships between the injection of fentanyl and amphetamine, and levels of HIV prevalence and risk behaviour, 350 current IDUs were recruited using respondent-driven sampling for an interviewer-administered unlinked cross-sectional survey and HIV testing. IDUs were categorised into groups based on self-report of the main drug used within the last 28 days.RESULTS77% (256/331) of participants reported fentanyl and 23% (75/331) amphetamine as their main drug of injection. HIV prevalence was 27% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.45–35.51) and 62% (95% CI: 56.97–67.03) among amphetamine and fentanyl injectors, respectively. After adjustment, fentanyl injectors had three times the odds of being HIV positive (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.89; 95% CI: 1.55–5.39). They also had higher odds for injecting in the street with a previously used needle/syringe (AOR=2.39; 95% CI: 1.14–5.04) and sharing a needle/syringe with somebody known to have HIV (AOR=3.00, 95% CI: 1.33–6.79). Fentanyl injectors also had higher odds for lifetime overdose (AOR=3.02, 95% CI: 1.65–5.54).CONCLUSIONThe injection of fentanyl is associated with elevated injecting risk behaviour derived from injection practice and situational risk factors, and needs urgently targeted interventions.