High-resolution thermal exposure and shade maps for cool corridor planning
High-resolution thermal exposure and shade maps for cool corridor planning
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scs.2023.104499
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
11.7
通讯作者：
I. Buo;V. Sagris;J. Jaagus;Ariane Middel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Buo;V. Sagris;J. Jaagus;Ariane Middel
对于促进体育活动的热舒适城市来说，遮阳至关重要。全市范围的阴影和热暴露数据对于管理热健康风险至关重要，但由于传感和建模能力有限，很难获得精细尺度的数据。为了解决这一差距并协助市政当局进行“凉爽走廊”规划，我们使用 SOLWEIG 模型从菲尼克斯-坦佩大都市区的 LiDAR 点云生成了 1 米分辨率的阴影和平均辐射温度 (TMRT) 地图。 TMRTestimates 使用 763 个观测值和移动人体生物气象 6 向设置进行了验证。 SOLWEIG 的总体 RMSE 为 5.6°C，在开阔场地误差为 6.2°C，树下误差为 5.4°C，建筑峡谷误差为 4.4°C。每小时 TMRT 和阴影图是在 2012 年 6 月 27 日（典型的晴朗、干燥、平静的夏日）的 7:00 至 20:00 期间生成的。我们根据马里科帕政府协会的主动交通计划评估了人行道遮阳覆盖率。所有人行道中只有 8% 始终满足建议的最低 20% 遮阳覆盖率。在一天中的部分时间里，只有不到 50% 的人行道达到了目标，这表明在极端炎热的天气下，市区不适合步行。这项研究的结果将为市政凉爽走廊规划提供信息，以优化散热的选址。
Shade is crucial for thermally comfortable cities that promote physical activity. City-wide shade and thermal exposure data are essential for managing heat health risks but are difficult to obtain at fine scales due to limited sensing and modeling capabilities. To address this gap and assist municipalities with "cool corridor" planning, we generated 1-m resolution shade and mean radiant temperature (TMRT) maps from LiDAR point clouds for the Phoenix-Tempe metropolitan area using the SOLWEIG model. TMRTestimates were validated using 763 observations with a mobile human-biometeorological 6-directional setup. SOLWEIG had an overall RMSE of 5.6°C with an error of 6.2°C at open sites, 5.4°C under trees, and 4.4°C in building canyons. Hourly TMRTand shade maps were generated from 7:00 h to 20:00 h for June 27, 2012, a typical clear, dry, calm summer day. We assessed sidewalk shade coverage based on the Maricopa Association of Government's Active Transportation Plan. Only 8% of all sidewalks met the recommended minimum of 20% shade coverage at all times. Less than 50% of all sidewalks met the goal for parts of the day, indicating that the urban area is not walkable during extreme heat. Results from this study will inform municipal cool corridor planning to optimize site selection for heat mitigation.