Ancient volcanism and its implication for thermal evolution of Mars
Ancient volcanism and its implication for thermal evolution of Mars
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DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2012.01.027
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Long Xiao;Jun Huang;P. Christensen;R. Greeley;D. Williams;Jiannan Zhao;Qi He
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Long Xiao;Jun Huang;P. Christensen;R. Greeley;D. Williams;Jiannan Zhao;Qi He
火山作用在所有类地行星地壳的形成和热演化中发挥着重要作用。火星火山已被广泛研究，有人认为，火星上形成可见火山特征的火山活动始于诺亚纪（>3.8Ga），并持续到亚马逊晚期（<0.1Ga）。然而，古代火山活动的风格、它们与最早火山构造的联系以及地球的热演化仍然没有得到很好的了解。在这里，我们展示了许多早期诺亚纪（>4.0Ga）火山保存在布满火山口的南部高地。其中大部分是中心火山，直径50至100公里，高度2至3公里。其中大多数在空间上毗邻塔尔西斯和环希腊火山省，在时间上连续，这表明这两个火山省经历了比以前认为的更广泛和持续时间更长的火山活动。这些建筑物被径向通道严重切割，表明水蚀的早期阶段发生并结束于环绕的赫斯珀里亚熔岩场的形成之前。
Volcanism plays an important role in the formation and thermal evolution of the crusts of all terrestrial planets. Martian volcanoes have been extensively studied, and it has been suggested that the volcanism on Mars that created the visible volcanic features was initiated in the Noachian (>3.8Ga) and continued to the Late Amazonian (<0.1Ga). However, styles of ancient volcanism, their links with the earliest volcanic constructions, and the thermal evolution of the planet are still not well understood. Here we show that numerous Early Noachian (>4.0Ga) volcanoes are preserved in the heavily cratered southern highlands. Most of these are central volcanoes with diameters ranging from 50 to 100km and heights of 2–3km. Most of them are spatially adjacent to and temporally continuous with the Tharsis and circum-Hellas volcanic provinces, suggesting that these two volcanic provinces have experienced more extensive and longer duration volcanism than previously thought. These edifices are heavily cut by radial channels, suggesting that an early phase of aqueous erosion occurred and ended prior to the emplacement of the encircling Hesperian lava fields.