Cooperative problem solving in a social carnivore
Cooperative problem solving in a social carnivore
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.06.030
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Carter, Allisa N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drea, Christine M.;Carter, Allisa N.
许多野外研究人员描述了社会性食肉动物的合作狩猎，但合作解决问题的实验证据通常来自对非人类灵长类动物的实验室研究。我们提出了社会食肉动物--斑点鬣狗--Crocuta crocuta合作的第一个实验证据。8只圈养的鬣狗，分成13个组合，在时间和空间上协调它们的行为，以解决合作任务，这些合作任务塑造了群体狩猎战略。与许多不经常合作或需要广泛塑造的灵长类动物不同，斑点鬣狗表现出一种天生的团队合作天赋：所有团队都迅速、重复地取得成功，而且没有特定的训练。对合作表演的社会影响包括观众效应，这可能会影响政党的形成和野外狩猎的成功。两人之间的表现也各不相同，尤其是伴侣之间与等级相关的攻击性会削弱表现。随着合作伙伴越来越多地相互照顾并协调其行动，效率得到了提高。最后，有经验的合作者改变了他们的行为，以适应天真的同伴，使用视觉监控和跟踪来促进协调。我们认为，社会食肉动物应该被认为是合作问题解决研究的相关模型，因为它们的能力为检验关于社会学习机制和智力进化的理论提供了一个比较框架。(C)2009年，动物行为研究协会。爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Numerous field researchers have described cooperative hunting in social carnivores, but experimental evidence of cooperative problem solving typically derives from laboratory studies of nonhuman primates. We present the first experimental evidence of cooperation in a social carnivore, the spotted hyaena, Crocuta crocuta. Eight captive hyaenas, paired in 13 combinations, coordinated their behaviour temporally and spatially to solve cooperation tasks that modelled group-hunting strategies. Unlike many primates that cooperate infrequently or require extensive shaping, spotted hyaenas displayed a natural aptitude for teamwork: all teams achieved success rapidly, repeatedly, and without specific training. Social influences on cooperative performance included an audience effect that could influence party formation and hunting success in the wild. Performance also varied across dyads, notably with rank-related aggression between partners impairing performance. Efficiency improved as partners increasingly attended to one another and coordinated their actions. Lastly, experienced cooperators modified their behaviour to accommodate a naive companion, using visual monitoring and tracking to promote coordination. We suggest that social carnivores should be considered relevant models for the study of cooperative problem solving, as their abilities provide a comparative framework for testing theories about the mechanisms of social learning and the evolution of intelligence. (C) 2009 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.