Tertiary water striders (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha, Gerridae) from the central Tibetan Plateau and their palaeobiogeographic implications
Tertiary water striders (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha, Gerridae) from the central Tibetan Plateau and their palaeobiogeographic implications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.12.014
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发表时间：
2019-05-15
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Wang, Ning
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai, Chenyang;Huang, Diying;Wang, Ning
半水栖的半翅目Gerridae（水蝗），与其他gerromorphan臭虫相似，是一个独特的群体，以其在水面行走的能力而闻名，特别是在运动，进食和行为方面。Aquarius谢伦贝格属、Gerris Fabricius属和Limnoporus Stal属是全北极地区三个主要的蛙属，是研究蛙科的地理分布、进化趋势和生态适应的重要生物。化石gerrids是相对稀少，和直接的化石证据阐明早期多样化和现存广泛的宝瓶座属的地理仍然难以捉摸。本文根据在中国西藏中部伦坡拉盆地和尼玛盆地发现的新的、保存完好的同种标本，对已灭绝的伦坡拉宝瓶虫Aquarius lunpolaensis（Lin，1981）进行了重新描述和重新解释。这些新化石证实了这些化石在宝瓶座的位置，因为它们的体型很大，第一触角节比下面两个触角节的总和还要长，腹部连接棘发育良好。一系列不同发育阶段幼虫的新发现证实了“Halobates bagonensis”应被解释为优势种Aquarius lunpolaensis的蜕皮，并表明现存的古北界西部纳贾群在渐新世晚期（Chattian）有更广泛的分布。宝瓶座溜冰者的出现支持了一个假设，即大约2500万年前，西藏中部的海拔相对较低。
The semi-aquatic hemipteran family Gerridae (water striders), similar to other gerromorphan bugs, is a distinct group noted for their ability to walk on the surface of water, especially with respect to their locomotion, feeding, and behaviour. The three principal Holarctic gerrine genera, Aquarius Schellenberg, Gerris Fabricius and Limnoporus Stal, are important organisms for studies of biogeography, evolutionary trends and ecological adaptations of the Gerridae. Fossil gerrids are comparatively sparse, and direct fossil evidence elucidating the early diversification and biogeography of the extant widespread genus Aquarius remains elusive. Here we re-describe and reinterpret the extinct species Aquarius lunpolaensis (Lin, 1981) based on new well-preserved conspecific specimens from contemporaneous localities in the Lunpola and Nima basins of central Tibet, China. The new fossils confirm the placement of these fossils in Aquarius as evidenced by their large body size, first antennal segment longer than the following two segments combined, and well-developed abdominal connexival spines. The new discovery of a series of larval instars at different developmental stages confirms that "Halobates bagonensis" should be interpreted as an exuvium of the dominant species Aquarius lunpolaensis and demonstrates that the extant western Palaearctic najas-group had a much wider distribution in the late Oligocene (Chattian). The occurrence of an Aquarius water skater supports the hypothesis that the elevation of central Tibet was comparatively low, some 25 million years ago.