Towards low- loss on-chip nanophotonics with coupled graphene and silicon carbide: a review
Towards low- loss on-chip nanophotonics with coupled graphene and silicon carbide: a review
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DOI：
10.1088/2515-7639/ab9d10
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Patrick Rufangura;T. Folland;A. Agrawal;J. Caldwell;F. Iacopi
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作者：
Patrick Rufangura;T. Folland;A. Agrawal;J. Caldwell;F. Iacopi
在纳米尺度上控制光和物质相互作用的能力是纳米光子学领域的核心。这种光的亚衍射限制可以通过表面极化子的刺激来实现，尤其是表面等离子体激元(SPP)。然而，传统等离子体材料的高光学损耗和缺乏可调谐性阻碍了这一领域的重大进展。在寻找低损耗和可调谐的替代材料的过程中，石墨烯和极性介质材料被视为更常见的金属基等离子体材料的潜在替代品。特别是，将石墨烯SPP的可调谐特性与极性介质材料(如碳化硅)中支持的表面声子-极化子(SPhP)模的高质量因子和长寿命相结合的可能性为先进的纳米光子学应用提供了巨大的前景。由于这种材料体系可以以外延石墨烯(EG)的形式实现，因此碳化硅中的硅升华导致表面重构为石墨烯表面终端，因此，碳化硅中支撑的石墨烯SPP和SPhP的组合更加相关。这为实现SPP-SPHP混合模式提供了理想的技术平台。在这篇综述中，我们概述了石墨烯等离子体和在外延石墨烯的背景下，在极性材料中产生SPhP的进展。我们回顾了最近在碳化硅中实现石墨烯与声子和SPHP模的耦合以及在其他极性材料中实现这种耦合的尝试，并总结了进一步发展基于石墨烯的碳化硅纳米光子学用于片上光操纵的优势和挑战。
The ability to control the interaction of light and matter at the nanoscale is at the heart of the field of nanophotonics. This subdiffractional confinement of light can be achieved through the stimulation of surface polaritons, most notably surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). However, the high optical losses and lack of tunability of conventional plasmonic materials have hindered major progress in this field. In the search for alternative low-loss and tunable materials, graphene and polar dielectric materials are viewed as potential alternatives to more common metal-based plasmonic materials. In particular, the possibility of combining the tunable nature of graphene SPPs with the high-quality factors and long lifetimes of surface phonon-polaritons (SPhPs) modes supported in polar dielectric materials (e.g. SiC) offers great promise for advanced nanophotonic applications. The combination of graphene SPPs and SPhPs supported in SiC is even more pertinent as this material system can be realized in the form of epitaxial graphene (EG), whereby sublimation of silicon from a SiC results in a surface reconstruction into a graphene surface termination. This offers an ideal technology platform for realizing hybrid SPP-SPhP modes. In this review, we outline advances in graphene plasmonics and the generation of SPhPs in polar materials, in the context of epitaxial graphene. We review recent attempts at realizing such coupling of graphene SPPs with phonon and SPhP modes in SiC, as well as covering such modes in other polar materials and conclude with an overview of advantages and challenges for further advancement of nanophotonics based on graphene on silicon carbide for on-chip light manipulation.