Emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from combustion of domestic fuels in Delhi, India
Emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from combustion of domestic fuels in Delhi, India
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-21-2383-2021
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发表时间：
2021-02-18
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Hamilton, Jacqueline F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stewart, Gareth J.;Acton, W. Joe F.;Hamilton, Jacqueline F.
从整个德里收集了北方印度住宅中使用的29种不同燃料类型（共76个样本）。多种非甲烷挥发性有机化合物（NMVOCs）的排放因子在控制燃烧实验中，使用双通道气相色谱法和火焰离子化检测器测量了192种化合物（DC-GC-FID），二维气相色谱法（GC x GC-FID），质子转移反应飞行时间质谱法质谱分析方法包括固相萃取二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱（SPE-GC x GC-ToF-MS）和PTR-ToF-MS。平均而言，在所有燃料类型中实现了94%的NMVOC排放量。大多数燃料类型排放的最大贡献者是小的非芳香族含氧物质、酚类和呋喃类。的排放因子（单位：克千克（-1））的总气相NMVOCs是薪材（18.7，4.3-96.7），牛粪饼（62.0，35.3-83.0），作物残渣（37.9，8.9-73.8），木炭（5.4，2.4-7.9）、锯末（72.4，28.6-115.5）、都市固体废物（87.3，56.6-119.1）和液化石油气（5.7，1.9-9.8）。在这项研究中测量的排放因子可以更好地表征，评估和理解印度住宅固体燃料燃烧对空气质量的影响。
Twenty-nine different fuel types used in residential dwellings in northern India were collected from across Delhi (76 samples in total). Emission factors of a wide range of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) (192 compounds in total) were measured during controlled burning experiments using dual-channel gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection (DC-GC-FID), two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC-FID), proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) and solid-phase extraction two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SPE-GC x GC-ToF-MS). On average, 94% speciation of total measured NMVOC emissions was achieved across all fuel types. The largest contributors to emissions from most fuel types were small non-aromatic oxygenated species, phenolics and furanics. The emission factors (in g kg(-1)) for total gas-phase NMVOCs were fuelwood (18.7, 4.3-96.7), cow dung cake (62.0, 35.3-83.0), crop residue (37.9, 8.9-73.8), charcoal (5.4, 2.4-7.9), sawdust (72.4, 28.6-115.5), municipal solid waste (87.3, 56.6-119.1) and liquefied petroleum gas (5.7, 1.9-9.8). The emission factors measured in this study allow for better characterisation, evaluation and understanding of the air quality impacts of residential solid-fuel combustion in India.