Rail safety and rail privatisation in Britain
Rail safety and rail privatisation in Britain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2006.09.007
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Evans, Andrew W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans, Andrew W.
英国铁路公司(BR)曾是英国统一的主线铁路运营商，自1994年4月起被分成约100个不同的组织并私有化。在私有化的准备阶段，有人担心，系统的碎片化和新运营商的进入可能会危及安全。本文通过分析1967-2003年间几乎所有致命的铁路事故以及最重要的非致命列车事故的数据，调查了安全方面发生的情况，并对1946年以来的数据进行了简要分析。在截至1993年的27年中，所有主要事故类别的每公里平均事故数都有下降的趋势，本文将这些有利趋势的推算作为判断私有化铁路安全表现的标准。本文发现，私有化铁路的所有事故类别都比这一标准更少。只有一个指标是不利的：由于1999年拉德布罗克格罗夫事故的严重性，火车相撞和脱轨的死亡人数高于预期。主要结论是，没有证据表明私有化导致铁路安全恶化。(C)2006爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
British Rail (BR), the former unified main line railway operator in Great Britain, was divided into about 100 separate organisations and privatised from April 1994. There was concern in the run-up to privatisation that the fragmentation of the system and the entry of new operators might compromise safety. This paper investigates what has happened to safety by analysing data on almost all fatal railway accidents, together with the most important non-fatal train accidents, from 1967 to 2003, with additional brief analyses back to 1946. BR had achieved downward trends in the mean numbers of accidents per train-kilometre for all the main classes of accident in the 27 years up to 1993, and the paper takes the extrapolation of these favourable trends as the yardstick by which to judge the safety performance of the privatised railway. The paper finds that the privatised railway had fewer accidents than this yardstick for all classes of accident. Only one indicator is adverse: the number of fatalities in train collisions and derailments is higher than expected, because of the severity of the accident at Ladbroke Grove in 1999. The principal conclusion is that there is no evidence that privatisation caused railway safety to deteriorate. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.