The animal-human interface and infectious disease in industrial food animal production: Rethinking biosecurity and biocontainment
The animal-human interface and infectious disease in industrial food animal production: Rethinking biosecurity and biocontainment
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DOI：
10.1177/003335490812300309
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Silbergeld, Ellen K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham, Jay P.;Leibler, Jessica H.;Silbergeld, Ellen K.
了解动物和人类之间的相互作用对于预防人畜共患疾病的爆发至关重要。这对于禽流感尤为重要。自 1918 年流感大流行以来，食用动物生产发生了转变。家禽和生猪生产已从小规模生产转向工业化规模经营。有大量证据表明病原体在这些工业设施之间移动、释放到外部环境以及暴露于农场工人，这对现代家禽生产在防止病原体引入和释放方面比后院或小规模养殖场更具生物安全性和生物遏制性的假设提出了挑战。对泰国政府 2004 年调查数据的分析表明，与散养鸡群相比，大规模商业家禽养殖场爆发和感染 H5N1 的几率明显更高。这些数据表明，预防或减轻大流行性禽流感出现的成功策略必须考虑现代工业化食用动物生产特有的风险因素。
Understanding interactions between animals and humans is critical in preventing outbreaks of zoonotic disease. This is particularly important for avian influenza. Food animal production has been transformed since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Poultry and swine production have changed from small-scale methods to industrial-scale operations. There is substantial evidence of pathogen movement between and among these industrial facilities, release to the external environment, and exposure to farm workers, which challenges the assumption that modern poultry production is more biosecure and biocontained as compared with backyard or small holder operations in preventing introduction and release of pathogens. An analysis of data from the Thai government investigation in 2004 indicates that the odds of H5N1 outbreaks and infections were significantly higher in large-scale commercial poultry operations as compared with backyard flocks. These data suggest that successful strategies to prevent or mitigate the emergence of pandemic avian influenza must consider risk factors specific to modern industrialized food animal production.