Mitochondrial and peroxisomal Lon proteases play opposing roles in reproduction and growth but co-function in the normal development, stress resistance and longevity of Thermomyces lanuginosus
Mitochondrial and peroxisomal Lon proteases play opposing roles in reproduction and growth but co-function in the normal development, stress resistance and longevity of Thermomyces lanuginosus
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fgb.2017.04.002
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Zhang, Shi-Hong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cui, Xiao;Wei, Yi;Zhang, Shi-Hong
依赖于ATP的Lon酶是一种高度保守的蛋白水解酶，在真菌等多种物种中都有多种作用，但关于丝状真菌中的Lon酶的研究报道很少。绵羊热霉菌是一种典型的嗜热真菌，在生理学和细胞生物学方面都有广泛的研究，因此对其的研究具有重要意义。从生物信息学的角度推断了绵羊毛滴虫的两个Lons。亚细胞定位分析表明，一种存在于线粒体(MLon)中，另一种存在于过氧化体(Plon)中。虽然这两种LON酶都被H_2O_2激活，但它们不是由热休克诱导的，而是由低温诱导的。获得了两个单缺失Lon突变体(AMLon和Aplon)。生物学分析表明，AMLon降低了分生孢子产量，但促进了菌丝的生长。相反，Aplon提高了分生孢子的产量，但抑制了菌丝的生长。寿命是根据持续生长的时间和长度来衡量的。野生型菌株连续线性生长60d，而Aplon和amLon突变株分别在30d和50d生长受阻，这表明Plon对长寿的影响比MLon更重要。有趣的是，Aplon积累了更多的H_2O_2，不仅对外源H_2O_2更加敏感，而且对其他选择的胁迫因子也更加敏感。综上所述，我们的数据表明，线粒体和过氧化体Lons在控制棉铃虫的生长和发育方面发挥着相反的作用，但在营养生长、无性发育、抗逆性和寿命的正常状态下表现出协同作用。
The ATP-dependent Lon enzyme is a highly conserved protease with multiple roles in diverse species such as fungi; however, there are few reports on Lon enzymes in filamentous fungi. Thermomyces lanuginosus, a typical thermophilic fungus, has been widely studied in physiology and cell biology; thus, studies on Thermomyces Lons are important. Two Lons were bioinformatically deduced in T. lanuginosus. Subcellular localization analysis showed that one is present in mitochondria (MLon), while the other is found in peroxisomes (PLon). Although both Lon enzymes were activated by H2O2, they were not induced by heat shock; instead, they were induced by low temperatures. Two single-deletion Lon mutants (AMLon and APLon) were generated. Biological analysis demonstrated that AMLon decreased the production of conidia but increased the growth of mycelia. By contrast, APLon increased the production of conidia but decreased the growth of mycelia. The lifespan was measured in time and in length of continuous growth. The wild-type strain showed continuous linear growth for 60 days, whereas growth was impeded at 30 and 50 days for APLon and AMLon mutants, respectively, suggesting that PLon is more important for longevity than MLon. Interestingly, APLon, which accumulated larger amount of H2O2 was not only more sensitive to exogenous H2O2 but also much more sensitive to other selected stressors. Taken together, our data indicate that mitochondrial and peroxisomal Lons play opposite roles in controlling growth and development, but exhibit synergistic effects on the normal states of vegetative growth, asexual development, stress resistance and longevity in T. lanuginosus.