Trade-offs in an ant–plant–fungus mutualism
Trade-offs in an ant–plant–fungus mutualism
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蚂蚁-植物-真菌互利共生的权衡
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Leroy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Orivel;P. Malé;Jérémie Lauth;O. Roux;F. Petitclerc;A. Dejean;C. Leroy
参与多个，同时互惠的物种在他们的互惠投资中受到权衡，如果在每个相互作用中涉及的特征是重叠的，这可能会导致冲突，并影响这些协会的寿命。我们调查这个问题，通过三方互惠关系，涉及蚂蚁植物，两个竞争的蚂蚁物种和真菌的蚂蚁培养下，他们的寄主植物的茎建立画廊捕捉昆虫猎物。画廊的使用代表了一种创新的猎物捕捉策略相比，更典型的策略觅食的树叶。然而，由于有限的工人在他们的殖民地，蚂蚁的猎物捕获行为的结果之间的权衡植物保护（即蚂蚁巡逻的树叶和攻击入侵者，包括食草动物）和伏击猎物的画廊，这有一个级联效应的健身的所有合作伙伴。对蚂蚁配偶特征和效应的定量分析表明，两种蚂蚁在互惠投资方面存在差异。在画廊（即真菌栽培）的投资较少，转化为植物的更多利益，即更少的植食性和更高的生长率，反之亦然。然而，更大的植物的营养生长并没有产生积极的健身效果，更好的互利蚂蚁物种在殖民地的大小和生产的sexuals，也不是互利补偿更广泛的分散其皇后。因此，虽然更好的蚂蚁互惠是一个提供更多的利益，其宿主植物，其较低的主机开发并没有给这个蚂蚁物种的竞争优势。因此，蚂蚁物种的局部共存是短暂的，最终会导致竞争力较弱的物种被排除在外。
Species engaged in multiple, simultaneous mutualisms are subject to trade-offs in their mutualistic investment if the traits involved in each interaction are overlapping, which can lead to conflicts and affect the longevity of these associations. We investigate this issue via a tripartite mutualism involving an ant plant, two competing ant species and a fungus the ants cultivate to build galleries under the stems of their host plant to capture insect prey. The use of the galleries represents an innovative prey capture strategy compared with the more typical strategy of foraging on leaves. However, because of a limited worker force in their colonies, the prey capture behaviour of the ants results in a trade-off between plant protection (i.e. the ants patrol the foliage and attack intruders including herbivores) and ambushing prey in the galleries, which has a cascading effect on the fitness of all of the partners. The quantification of partners' traits and effects showed that the two ant species differed in their mutualistic investment. Less investment in the galleries (i.e. in fungal cultivation) translated into more benefits for the plant in terms of less herbivory and higher growth rates and vice versa. However, the greater vegetative growth of the plants did not produce a positive fitness effect for the better mutualistic ant species in terms of colony size and production of sexuals nor was the mutualist compensated by the wider dispersal of its queens. As a consequence, although the better ant mutualist is the one that provides more benefits to its host plant, its lower host–plant exploitation does not give this ant species a competitive advantage. The local coexistence of the ant species is thus fleeting and should eventually lead to the exclusion of the less competitive species.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0904304106
发表时间：
2009-10-27
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Heil, Martin;Gonzalez-Teuber, Marcia;Silva Bueno, Juan Carlos
通讯作者：
Silva Bueno, Juan Carlos