Changes in perceived weight discrimination among Americans, 1995-1996 through 2004-2006
Changes in perceived weight discrimination among Americans, 1995-1996 through 2004-2006
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DOI：
10.1038/oby.2008.35
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Brownell, Kelly D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andreyeva, Tatiana;Puhl, Rebecca M.;Brownell, Kelly D.
目的：关于体重歧视在美国的流行程度和模式，我们知之甚少。本研究通过比较基于种族、年龄和性别的歧视经验，考察了35-74岁成年人中具有全国代表性的样本中体重/身高歧视的趋势。方法和程序：数据来自美国中年发展全国调查(MIDUS)的两次浪潮，一项最初于1995-1996年对社区讲英语的成年人的调查，以及2004-2006年的一次跟踪调查。结果：体重/身高歧视的发生率从1995-1996年的7%上升到2004-2006年的12%，除老年人外，所有人群都受到歧视。这一增长不太可能用肥胖率的变化来解释。讨论：体重/身高歧视在美国社会非常普遍，并以令人不安的速度增长。它的流行率相对接近于报告的种族和年龄歧视比率，但几乎不存在针对体重歧视的法律或社会制裁。
Objective: Little is known about the prevalence and patterns of weight discrimination in the United States. This study examined the trends in perceived weight/height discrimination among a nationally representative sample of adults aged 35-74 years, comparing experiences of discrimination based on race, age, and gender.Methods and Procedures: Data were from the two waves of the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS), a survey of community-based English-speaking adults initially in 1995-1996 and a follow-up in 2004-2006. Reported experiences of weight/height discrimination included a variety of settings in major lifetime events and interpersonal relationships.Results: The prevalence of weight/height discrimination increased from 7% in 1995-1996 to 12% in 2004-2006, affecting all population groups but the elderly. This growth is unlikely to be explained by changes in obesity rates.Discussion: Weight/height discrimination is highly prevalent in American society and increasing at disturbing rates. Its prevalence is relatively close to reported rates of race and age discrimination, but virtually no legal or social sanctions against weight discrimination exist.