An Image Sensor With Joint Sensing and Energy Harvesting Functions
An Image Sensor With Joint Sensing and Energy Harvesting Functions
复制标题
具有联合传感和能量收集功能的图像传感器
DOI：
10.1109/jsen.2014.2356576
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
W. Leon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hsuan;W. Leon
提出了一种适用于户外监控应用的具有联合传感和能量收集功能的图像传感器。图像传感器包含像素，其光电二极管可以配置为光电传感器来捕获图像，也可以配置为微型太阳能电池来收集能量。随着越来越多的像素被配置为太阳能电池，可以从环境中获取更多的能量。然而，配置为太阳能电池的像素不可用于成像，这会影响图像质量。结果表明，可以使用插值技术根据可用像素来估计不可用像素。因此，图像传感器允许在图像分辨率与能量之间进行权衡。开发了传感器能量收集和消耗的模型，并用于分析图像分辨率和能耗之间的权衡。使用飞跨电感器 DC-DC 转换器从固有的低光电二极管电压生成高电压，同时最大限度地减少寄生光电二极管造成的损耗。作为概念验证，图像传感器原型已采用 0.5 μm CMOS 工艺制造。制作的原型用于在收集能量的同时获取图像。测量结果表明，在阳光明媚的户外条件下，32 × 32 像素阵列平均可收集 2 μW 的能量。
An image sensor with joint sensing and energy harvesting functions suitable for outdoor monitoring applications is presented. The image sensor comprises pixels whose photodiodes can be configured either as photosensors to capture images or as tiny solar cells to harvest energy. As more pixels are configured as solar cells, more energy can be harvested from the environment. However, pixels configured as solar cells are not available for imaging, which affects image quality. It is shown that the unavailable pixels can be estimated from the available pixels using interpolation techniques. Thus, the image sensor allows to tradeoff image resolution with energy. A model of the sensor's energy harvesting and consumption is developed and employed to analyze the tradeoff between image resolution and energy consumption. High-voltage generation from the inherently low photodiode voltages is accomplished using a flying-inductor dc-dc converter while minimizing the losses due to parasitic photodiodes. As a proof of concept, a prototype of the image sensor has been fabricated in a 0.5-μm CMOS process. The fabricated prototype was employed to acquire images while energy was harvested. Measurements show that an average of 2 μW can be harvested from a 32 × 32 pixel array under sunny outdoor conditions.