FT protein acts as a long-range signal in Arabidopsis
FT protein acts as a long-range signal in Arabidopsis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2007.05.008
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发表时间：
2007-06-19
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Wigge, Philip A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaeger, Katja E.;Wigge, Philip A.
植物是固着生物，必须对环境条件的变化作出反应。开花时间是一个关键的发育开关，受日照长度和温度的影响。环境信号由叶子感知，而响应发生在顶端，需要植物内部的长距离通信。多年来，人们已经知道，暴露在光线下的叶子可以触发黑暗枝条的成花过渡，嫁接实验表明，成花刺激物可以传播很长的距离[1]。这种移动的信号后来被称为“成花素”，但其性质尚不清楚。基因FLOWERYLOCUS T（FT）是控制花转变的光周期和春化途径的主要输出[2-4]。FT蛋白在植物的茎尖处与转录因子FLOWLEDLOCUS D（FD）协同作用[5，6]。一个基本的问题是FT转录在叶中如何导致活性FT蛋白在顶端。我们已经将FT蛋白的运动与其生物学功能分离，以表明FT蛋白是从叶片到顶端的移动的信号。据我们所知，FT是植物中唯一已知的作为长距离发育信号的蛋白质。
Plants are sessile organisms and must respond to changes in environmental conditions. Flowering time is a key developmental switch that is affected by both day length and temperature. Environmental cues are sensed by the leaves while the responses occur at the apex, requiring long-range communication within the plant. For many years it has been known that leaves exposed to light can trigger the floral transition of a darkened shoot, and grafting experiments demonstrated that the floral stimulus travels long distances [1]. This mobile signal was later termed "florigen," but its nature has been unclear. The gene FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT) is a major output of both the photoperiod and the vernalization pathways controlling the floral transition [2-4]. FT protein acts at the shoot apex of the plant in concert with a transcription factor, FLOWERING LOCUS D(FD) [5,6]. A fundamental question is how FT transcription in the leaves leads to active FT protein at the apex. We have uncoupled FT protein movement from its biological function to show that FT protein is the mobile signal that travels from the leaves to the apex. To our knowledge, FT is the only known protein that serves as a long-range developmental signal in plants.