Real or Artificial? Intergroup Biases in Mind Perception in a Cross-Cultural Perspective
Real or Artificial? Intergroup Biases in Mind Perception in a Cross-Cultural Perspective
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0137840
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发表时间：
2015-09-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kappas, Arvid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krumhuber, Eva G.;Swiderska, Aleksandra;Kappas, Arvid
最近的研究表明，对面孔的活力和心智能力的归因受到社会群体成员身份的影响。在这篇文章中，我们调查了来自西方和东方文化的参与者在心理知觉上的群体相关偏见，使用了不同种族的面孔。在实验1中，英国(组内)和印度(组外)的参与者对从真实到人造的连续统一体上的高加索面孔进行了活力、计划和感觉疼痛的能力以及有头脑的评估。研究发现，当面孔属于组内成员时，人类特征在更大程度上被分配给面孔，而组外面孔必须看起来更逼真才能被感知为人类。当印度的参与者在实验2中评估南亚人(组内)和白人(组外)面孔时，结果与第一个实验的结果非常相似。在这两项研究中，参与者的民族文化共鸣水平显著预测了群体外面孔的评级。研究结果强调了群体间过程(即群体内偏袒、群体外去人性化)在人类和心理品质感知中的作用，并指出民族文化移情是应对群体外群体的一个重要因素。
Recent research suggests that attributions of aliveness and mental capacities to faces are influenced by social group membership. In this article, we investigated group related biases in mind perception in participants from a Western and Eastern culture, employing faces of varying ethnic groups. In Experiment 1, Caucasian faces that ranged on a continuum from real to artificial were evaluated by participants in the UK (in-group) and in India (out-group) on animacy, abilities to plan and to feel pain, and having a mind. Human features were found to be assigned to a greater extent to faces when these belonged to in-group members, whereas out-group faces had to appear more realistic in order to be perceived as human. When participants in India evaluated South Asian (in-group) and Caucasian (out-group) faces in Experiment 2, the results closely mirrored those of the first experiment. For both studies, ratings of out-group faces were significantly predicted by participants' levels of ethnocultural empathy. The findings highlight the role of intergroup processes (i.e., in-group favoritism, out-group dehumanization) in the perception of human and mental qualities and point to ethnocultural empathy as an important factor in responses to out-groups.