Perception of the stop/glide contrast in infancy.
Perception of the stop/glide contrast in infancy.
复制标题
婴儿期对停止/滑行对比的感知。
作者：
Oller,DK;Eilers,RE;Burns,R;Urbano,R
许多已发表的关于婴儿语言感知的研究都强调婴儿在许多语言对比方面做得有多好，并注意到成人和婴儿在识别模式上的相似性。通常有人认为，婴儿一出生就具有感知任何语言对比的能力，而习得一门语言的过程涉及到对目标语言中不存在的对比的感知能力的抑制。事实上，一些研究已经表明，婴儿能够分辨出成年人无法分辨的对比，如果这些对比不是来自成年人的母语。然而，其他研究表明，婴儿可能并不总是有这样的感知能力。目前的工作重点是停滑对比。结果与流行的观点和先前报道的关于婴儿对停滑对比的感知的研究不一致。结果表明，在适用于婴儿和成人测试的警觉性范式中，婴儿在对比上的表现较差。此外，成人对长或短元音刺激的相对感知模式与婴儿的完全不同。结论是，为了评估婴儿和成人在言语感知方面的相对表现，还有很多工作要做，因为似乎实验范式或特定刺激参数的变化可能会从根本上影响结果。
Much of the published research in infant speech perception has emphasized how well infants have done with a number of speech contrasts, and have noted similarities in pattern of discrimination of adults and infants. Often it has been suggested that infants begin life with the ability to perceive any speech contrast, and that the process of acquiring a language involves inhibition of the ability to perceive contrasts not present in the target language. Indeed some studies have shown infants able to discriminate contrasts on which adults fail if the contrasts are not drawn from the native language of the adults. Other studies, however, have suggested that infants may not always be so perceptually capable. The present work focusses on the stop-glide contrast. The results are inconsistent with the prevalent view and with previously reported studies on the perception of the stop-glide contrast by infants. The results indicate that in a vigilance paradigm adapted for both infant and adult testing, infants perform poorly on the contrasts when compared with adults. Furthermore the pattern of relative perception observed in the adults on stimuli with long or short vowels is quite unlike that of the infants. It is concluded that much work remains in order to evaluate the relative performance of infants and adults in speech perception, since it appears that changes in experimental paradigm or particular stimulus parameters may affect outcomes in fundamental ways.