Does PGC1α/FNDC5/BDNF Elicit the Beneficial Effects of Exercise on Neurodegenerative Disorders?
Does PGC1α/FNDC5/BDNF Elicit the Beneficial Effects of Exercise on Neurodegenerative Disorders?
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DOI：
10.1007/s12017-015-8370-x
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Farshbaf, Mohammad Jodeiri;Ghaedi, Kamran;Nasr-Esfahani, Mohammad Hossein
神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默氏病、帕金森氏病和亨廷顿氏病，在老年人中发病率很高。已经建立了许多策略来减轻受影响个体所经历的症状。最近的研究表明，运动有助于神经系统疾病患者恢复失去的身体能力。PGC 1 alpha/FNDC 5/BDNF最近已成为神经保护的关键途径。PGC 1 α是一种高度保守的转录因子共激活因子，可保护神经元免受破坏。PGC 1 α调节FNDC 5及其加工和分泌的肽Irisin，其已被提出在能量消耗中起关键作用并促进小鼠胚胎干细胞的神经分化。FNDC 5还可以增加海马中神经营养因子BDNF（一种神经保护剂）的表达。BDNF由海马、杏仁核、大脑皮层和下丘脑神经元分泌，并通过TrkB受体启动细胞内信号传导途径。这些途径对CREB活性具有正反馈作用，并导致神经元中PGC 1 α表达增强。因此，FNDC 5可以作为神经元存活和发育的关键调节因子。本文综述了PGC 1 α/FNDC 5/BDNF通路及其在神经保护中的作用的最新研究结果，并讨论了有争议的承诺，鸢尾素作为一个调解人的积极利益的运动。
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases have high prevalence among the elderly. Many strategies have been established to alleviate the symptoms experienced by affected individuals. Recent studies have shown that exercise helps patients with neurological disorders to regain lost physical abilities. PGC1 alpha/FNDC5/BDNF has emerged recently as a critical pathway for neuroprotection. PGC1 alpha is a highly conserved co-activator of transcription factors that preserves and protects neurons against destruction. PGC1 alpha regulates FNDC5 and its processed and secreted peptide Irisin, which has been proposed to play a critical role in energy expenditure and to promote neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. FNDC5 may also increase the expression of the neurotrophic factor BDNF, a neuroprotective agent, in the hippocampus. BDNF is secreted from hippocampus, amygdala, cerebral cortex and hypothalamus neurons and initiates intracellular signaling pathways through TrkB receptors. These pathways have positive feedback on CREB activities and lead to enhancement in PGC1 alpha expression in neurons. Therefore, FNDC5 could behave as a key regulator in neuronal survival and development. This review presents recent findings on the PGC1 alpha/FNDC5/BDNF pathway and its role in neuroprotection, and discusses the controversial promise of irisin as a mediator of the positive benefits of exercise.