Impaired implicit learning and reduced pre-supplementary motor cortex size in early-onset major depression with melancholic features
Impaired implicit learning and reduced pre-supplementary motor cortex size in early-onset major depression with melancholic features
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2009.03.015
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Irle, Eva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Exner, Cornelia;Lange, Claudia;Irle, Eva
背景：抑郁症是一种异质性疾病。生物学标记和认知任务已被用于区分临床亚型，但结果尚未确定。本研究采用序列反应时间任务（SRTT）对26名早发性抑郁症（MD）患者的内隐学习进行了评估。结果：抑郁症伴抑郁症的被试存在内隐学习障碍，而非抑郁症伴抑郁症的被试不存在内隐学习障碍。这种缺陷不能用更严重的抑郁症或精神发育迟滞来解释。具有抑郁特征的抑郁受试者的右侧前SMA区域体积减少。局限性：在审查这些结果的影响时，应考虑抑郁受试者的药物效应和非抑郁样本的小规模。结论：内隐运动序列学习的缺陷似乎是抑郁症的抑郁亚型的另一个特征。它可能与额纹状体回路结构或功能改变的功能障碍有关。使用内隐序列学习任务可以为未来的研究提供有用的诊断和病因学线索。(C)2009 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
Background: Major depression is a heterogeneous disorder. Biological markers and cognitive tasks have been employed to distinguish clinical subtypes but results have been inconclusive.Methods: The current study assessed implicit learning with the Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) known to be sensitive to frontostriatal dysfunctions and regional brain volumes of the anterior supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) in participants with early-onset major depression (MD) of either melancholic (n = 26) or non-melancholic (n = 9) subtype, and 26 matched controls.Results: Depressive subjects with melancholic features but not those with non-melancholic depression showed implicit learning deficits. This deficit could not be explained in terms of more severe depression or psychomotor retardation. Regional volumes of the right pre-SMA were reduced in depressive subjects with melancholic features.Limitations: Medication effects in depressive subjects and the small size of the non-melancholic sample should be taken into consideration when reviewing the implications of these results.Conclusions: Deficits in implicit motor sequence learning seem to be an additional characteristic of the melancholic subtype of depression. it might be linked to dysfunction within structural or functionally altered frontostriatal circuits. Use of implicit sequence learning tasks could offer useful diagnostic and aetiological cues for future research. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.