Generational Inequalities and Welfare Regimes
Generational Inequalities and Welfare Regimes
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DOI：
10.1093/sf/sot156
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Schroeder, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chauvel, Louis;Schroeder, Martin
本文使用一个新的年龄段队列模型显示，在1935年至1975年出生的队列中，1950年左右出生的队列显着高于大多数国家的收入趋势。然而，与社会民主主义和自由主义福利国家相比，这种代际不平等在保守的欧洲大陆福利国家中更为严重。正如我们所展示的，这是因为保守的福利国家使一些群体面临高青年失业率，并使终身收入依赖于进入劳动力市场的有利条件。因此，我们证明，保守的福利国家已经把调整1975年后的经济放缓的负担放在了1975年之前无法获得稳定工作的出生队列上，而类似的队列不平等在自由和社会民主福利国家中要弱得多。在后两种福利制度中，对1975年后经济放缓的调整负担并没有相对于其他人而被放在某些群体的肩上。我们的分析是第一个显示哪些福利制度更有利于这种不平等的队列和什么机制导致这些材料的队列不平等。
This paper uses a new age period cohort model to show that among cohorts born between 1935 and 1975, cohorts born around 1950 are significantly above the income trend in most countries. However, such inequalities between generations are much stronger in conservative, continental European welfare states, compared to social democratic and liberal welfare states. As we show, this is because conservative welfare states expose some cohorts to high youth unemployment and make lifetime earnings dependent on a favorable entry into the labor market. We thus demonstrate that conservative welfare states have put the burden of adjustment to the post-1975 economic slowdown on birth cohorts that could not get stable jobs before 1975, while similar cohort inequalities are much weaker in liberal and social democratic welfare states. In these latter two welfare regimes, the burden of adjustment to the post-1975 economic slowdown was not put on the shoulders of some cohorts relative to others. Our analysis is the first to show which welfare regimes are more conducive to such inequalities between cohorts and what mechanisms lead to these material cohort inequalities.