Motile dislocations knead odd crystals into whorls
Motile dislocations knead odd crystals into whorls
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DOI：
10.1038/s41567-021-01429-3
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发表时间：
2021-12-16
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Irvine, William T. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bililign, Ephraim S.;Usabiaga, Florencio Balboa;Irvine, William T. M.
热涨落和势能之间的竞争支配着物质在平衡状态下的稳定性，特别是拓扑缺陷的扩散和湮灭。然而，使物质失去平衡会产生一种新的力，这种力既不吸引也不排斥，而是横向的。激活横向力的可能性提出了一个问题，即它们如何影响物质自组织和控制的基本原理。在这里，我们展示了横向力将胶体自旋体组织成由运动位错纵横交错的奇怪的弹性晶体。这些能动的拓扑缺陷组织成由长度、尺度和旋转速度可调的颗粒组成的多晶。自捏合动力学驱动超扩散传质，通过改变纺丝速度可以在数量级上控制传质。对最小模型和完全解析流体力学的模拟建立了这种晶体旋涡状态的一般性质。利用连续介质理论，我们证明了奇应力和霍尔应力都能使奇弹性晶体失稳，从而导致晶体活性物质的一般状态。增加材料成分的旋转对在所有尺度上连续控制结构和运输具有深远的影响。对胶体旋转体系综施加横向力会导致奇怪的弹性晶体的出现，其特征是自推进的缺陷将系统组织成一种自捏合的晶体轮状状态。
The competition between thermal fluctuations and potential forces governs the stability of matter in equilibrium, in particular the proliferation and annihilation of topological defects. However, driving matter out of equilibrium allows for a new class of forces that are neither attractive nor repulsive, but rather transverse. The possibility of activating transverse forces raises the question of how they affect basic principles of material self-organization and control. Here we show that transverse forces organize colloidal spinners into odd elastic crystals crisscrossed by motile dislocations. These motile topological defects organize into a polycrystal made of grains with tunable length scale and rotation rate. The self-kneading dynamics drive super-diffusive mass transport, which can be controlled over orders of magnitude by varying the spinning rate. Simulations of both a minimal model and fully resolved hydrodynamics establish the generic nature of this crystal whorl state. Using a continuum theory, we show that both odd and Hall stresses can destabilize odd elastic crystals, giving rise to a generic state of crystalline active matter. Adding rotations to a material's constituents has far-reaching consequences for continuous control of structures and transport at all scales.The addition of transverse forces to an ensemble of colloidal spinners induces the appearance of odd elastic crystals, featuring self-propelled defects that organize the system into a 'self-kneading' crystal whorl state.