Multi-route respiratory infection: When a transmission route may dominate
Multi-route respiratory infection: When a transmission route may dominate
复制标题
多途径呼吸道感染：当传播途径可能占主导地位时
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141856
复制
发表时间：
2021-01-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Cowling, Benjamin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Caroline X.;Li, Yuguo;Cowling, Benjamin J.
许多呼吸道传染病的确切传播途径至今仍是争论的主题。每种传播途径的相对贡献率在很大程度上是不确定的，这受到环境条件、人类行为、宿主和微生物的影响。在这项研究中，建立了一个详细的数学模型来研究不同传播途径对多途径传播的呼吸道感染的相对贡献。考虑以下传播途径：远距离空气传播、近程空气传播、媒介飞沫或飞沫核的定向吸入、大小飞沫的直接沉积、直接和间接接触途径。结果表明，在不同情况下，所有传播途径都能主导总传播风险。考虑的影响参数包括不同途径的剂量-反应率、决定液滴中病原体含量的液滴控制大小、接触距离和传播到感染者手中的病原体剂量。我们的多途径传播模型提供了一种全面而直观的方法来评估呼吸道疾病通过不同途径传播的概率。它还为预测个人层面的干预方法（如增加近距离接触和佩戴防护口罩）的影响奠定了基础。(C) 2020 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
The exact transmission route of many respiratory infectious diseases remains a subject for debate to date. The relative contribution ratio of each transmission route is largely undetermined, which is affected by environmental conditions, human behaviour, the host and the microorganism. In this study, a detailed mathematical model is developed to investigate the relative contributions of different transmission routes to a multi-route transmitted respiratory infection. The following transmission routes are considered: long-range airborne transmission, short-range airborne transmission, direction inhalation of medium droplets or droplet nuclei, direct deposition of droplets of all sizes, direct and indirect contact route. It is illustrated that all transmission routes can dominate the total transmission risk under different scenarios. Influential parameters considered include the dose-response rate of different routes, droplet governing size that determines pathogen content in droplets, exposure distance, and pathogen dose transported to the hand of infector. Our multi-route transmission model provided a comprehensive but straightforward method to evaluate the probability of respiratory diseases transmission via different routes. It also established a basis for predicting the impact of individual-level intervention methods such as increasing close-contact distance and wearing protective masks. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.