Beta-adrenergic modulation of cognitive flexibility during stress
Beta-adrenergic modulation of cognitive flexibility during stress
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2007.19.3.468
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Beversdorf, David Q.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alexander, Jessica K.;Hillier, Ashleigh;Beversdorf, David Q.
应激诱导的蓝斑-去甲肾上腺素（LC-NE）系统的激活产生显著的认知和行为效应，包括增强的唤醒和注意力。这种应激反应可以改善辨别任务的表现和记忆。相反，对于需要认知灵活性的其他认知功能，LC-NE系统的活性增加可能产生有害影响。本研究的目的是确定LC-NE系统的药理学调节对健康个体认知灵活性表现中的应激诱导的损伤的影响。认知性能，加上心理和生理参数的16名成年人没有任何焦虑症的历史，进行了评估，在四个测试会议：压力和无压力，与每一个条件后，普萘洛尔和安慰剂的管理测试。特里尔社会压力测试，公开演讲和心算应激源，被提交给参与者的压力会议，而一个类似的，但nonstressed，控制任务（阅读，计数）被用于无压力会议。认知灵活性测试包括词汇语义和联想问题解决任务（字谜，复合远程联想测试）。视觉空间记忆和运动加工速度测试作为控制任务。结果表明：（1）压力损害认知灵活性任务的表现，但不控制任务;（2）与安慰剂相比，认知灵活性改善，在压力与普萘洛尔。因此，心理压力，如公开演讲，会对正常人需要认知灵活性的任务产生负面影响，这种影响会被β-肾上腺素能拮抗作用逆转。这可能为以下假设提供支持：应激相关的认知灵活性损伤与去甲肾上腺素能系统有关。
Stress-induced activation of the locus ceruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system produces significant cognitive and behavioral effects, including enhanced arousal and attention. Improvements in discrimination task performance and memory have been attributed to this stress response. In contrast, for other cognitive functions that require cognitive flexibility, increased activity of the LC-NE system may produce deleterious effects. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of pharmacological modulation of the LC-NE system on stress-induced impairments in cognitive flexibility performance in healthy individuals. Cognitive performance, plus psychological and physiological parameters for 16 adults without any history of anxiety disorders, was assessed during four test sessions: stress and no-stress, with each condition tested after administration of propranolol and placebo. The Trier Social Stress Test, a public-speaking and mental arithmetic stressor, was presented to participants for the stress sessions, whereas a similar, but nonstressful, control task (reading, counting) was utilized for the no-stress sessions. Tests of cognitive flexibility included lexical-semantic and associative problem-solving tasks (anagrams, Compound Remote Associates Test). Visuospatial memory and motor processing speed tests served as control tasks. Results indicate that (1) stress impaired performance on cognitive flexibility tasks, but not control tasks; (2) compared to placebo, cognitive flexibility improved during stress with propranolol. Therefore, psychological stress, such as public speaking, negatively impacts performance on tasks requiring cognitive flexibility in normal individuals, and this effect is reversed by beta-adrenergic antagonism. This may provide support for the hypothesis that stress-related impairments in cognitive flexibility are related to the noradrenergic system.